《淮南子》的礼乐观及其发展辨析

Analysis on the Outlook on Rites and Music and Its Development in Huainan Zi

《淮南子》融会诸家之学说,在遵循客观规律的基础上“以乐为据”,阐明了诸多深晦的人生哲理。书中继承了老子“大音希声”的思想,其后又肯定了儒家“有声之乐”的社会功用,看似矛盾的音乐思想实则是内容与形式的辩证统一。书中以客观事实为判断,肯定了音乐的价值所在,辩证地论述了乐的“宣喜、饰喜”之用,并提出“弗欲”的主张,带有强烈的经世致用色彩。这些礼乐观也为其后阮籍、嵇康、班固等人乐论的阐发提供了重要启迪。

Huainan Zi combines the theories of various schools of thoughts,observes the objective laws with music as its basis and clarifies many obscure life philosophies.The book inherits Laozi's thought of"great music has the faintest notes",and later affirms the social function of the Confucian"music with voice".The two seemingly contradictory music thoughts are the dialectical unity of content and form.The book takes the objective facts as the judgment,recognizes the value of music,dialectically discusses the use of music to"preach happiness and adorn happiness",and puts forward"forbearance of desire",with a strong sense of pragmatism.These ideas also provided important enlightenment for the later elucidation of Ruan Ji,Ji Kang and Ban Gu's music theory.