德国优秀乒乓球运动员奥恰洛夫的技战术特征分析——以东京奥运会男单半决赛奥恰洛夫VS马龙为例

Analysis of the Technical and Tactical Characteristics of the German Excellent Table Tennis Player Ocharov——Taking Ocharov vs. Ma Long in the Semifinal of Men’s Singles in Tokyo Olympic Games as an Example

采用文献资料、录像观察、3段指标评估、数理统计等方法,对德国优秀乒乓球运动员奥恰洛夫与我国优秀乒乓球运动员马龙在2020年东京奥运会男单半决赛中发抢段、接抢段、相持段的技战术特征进行分析.结果显示:1)在发抢阶段,奥恰洛夫得分率为74.36%,评估为优秀.奥恰洛夫发球特征为:以下蹲反手发球为主,以正手发下旋短球为辅,下蹲反手发球迷惑性强、隐蔽性高、威胁大,是奥恰洛夫第3板抢攻前主要的发球方式;奥恰洛夫的发球落点主要以中路短球为主,其次是反手短球. 2)在接抢阶段,奥恰洛夫得分率为36.36%,评估为及格.其技战术特征为:接发球力争主动,抢攻意识强;在接发球抢攻技术中以反手拧拉为主,在接发球控制技术中以摆短、推挡为主. 3)在相持阶段,奥恰洛夫得分率为38.78%,评估为不及格.奥恰洛夫在相持段中,被动相持多,正、反手防守能力较弱,被攻后防反和连续进攻的得分能力有待提高.

By using the methods of literature, video observation, three-stage index evaluation, mathematical statistics and so on,this paper analyzes the technical and tactical characteristics of German excellent table tennis player Ochalov and Chinese excellent table tennis player Malone in the men’s singles semi-finals of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games in the starting and snatching stages, the receiving and snatching stages, and the stalemate stages. The results showed that: 1) Ochalov scored 74.36% in the stage of launching and robbing, which was evaluated as excellent.Ochalov’s service characteristics are as follows:the squatting backhand service is the main service mode before Ochalov’s third board attack, supplemented by the forehand backspin short serve, and the squatting backhand service is highly confusing, highly hidden, and threatening;Ochalov’s service point is mainly the middle short ball, followed by the backhand short ball. 2) In the stage of catching up, Ochalov scored 36.36%, which was assessed as passing. Its technical and tactical characteristics are as follows: to take the initiative in receiving the serve, and to have a strong sense of attacking;In the receiving and attacking technology,backhand twisting and pulling are mainly used,and in the receiving and serving control technology, short swinging and blocking are mainly used. 3) In the stalemate stage,Ochalov scored 38.78%,which was assessed as failed. In the stalemate, Ochalov had many passive stalemates, weak forehand and backhand defense,and the scoring ability of backhand defense and continuous attack after being attacked needed to be improved.