“双减”背景下课后体育服务的现状、问题及优化研究

Current Situation, Problems and Optimization of After-School Sports Service for Primary and Secondary School Students Under the "Double Reduction" Policy

课后服务是指在义务教育阶段,学校结束常规教学任务之后,以学校为主渠道,以社会教育资源为补充,为缓解家长焦虑、满足学生多样化需求而开展的一项教育活动,课后体育服务作为课后服务的重要组成是否发挥了该有效用,有待检验。该文运用问卷调查法、数理统计等方法,对课后体育服务开展现状及存在问题进行分析。结果发现:课后体育服务开展时间和频次相对稳定,对学生减负降压的作用明显,但学段、地区间差异较大,年级间的衔接不连贯;造成差异及限制学生参与的原因有政策规定的模糊性和政策更新的滞后性、主客观因素的限制性、教育环境的功利性以及管理机制的不健全性。针对现阶段课后体育服务的现状及问题,提出加强宣传、挖掘需求、补充师资、升级体系、加强督导和奖励等优化措施。

After-school service refers to an educational activity that is carried out after students complete their compulsory education at school. With schools as the main channel and social educational resources as a supplement, after-school service can relieve parents’ anxiety and meet students’ diversified needs at the compulsory education stage. Whether sports, as an important part of after-school service, plays an effective role as expected is yet to be tested. Using the methods of questionnaire and mathematical statistic, this paper analyzes the current situation and problems of after-school sports service. The study shows that after-school sports service is relatively stable in terms of both time and frequency, and has a significant effect on the reduction of students’ stress. But the differences in both learning stage and region are large, and the connection between grades is not steady. The reasons for the differences and limitations on student participation include the ambiguity of policy regulation, the lagging policy updates, the limitations of subjective and objective factors, the utility of educational environment and the incompleteness of supervision mechanism. In view of the present situation and problems of after-school sports service, the authors propose some optimization measures including strengthening publicity, tapping students’ needs, supplementing teachers, upgrading the system, and strengthening supervision and incentives.