中医护理在急性心肌梗死患者中的应用效果

Application effects of TCM nursing in patients with acute myocardial infarction

目的:观察中医护理在急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年1月至2020年3月该院收治的300例AMI患者进行前瞻性研究,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各150例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予中医护理,比较两组护理前后负性情绪[汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)]评分、生命质量[中国心血管病人生活质量评定问卷(CQQC)]评分、住院时间、心梗再发率、病死率和护理满意度。结果:护理后,观察组HAMA、HAMD评分均低于对照组,社会心理功能、一般生活功能、病情、工作状况、医疗情况、体力和总分等CQQC评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组住院时间短于对照组,心梗再发率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组病死率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组心理护理、病情护理、生活护理、饮食护理和总满意度等护理满意度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规护理基础上给予中医护理可降低AMI患者HAMA、HAMD评分和心梗再发率,缩短住院时间,提高生命质量和护理满意度评分,效果优于单纯常规护理。

Objective:To observe application effects of TCM nursing in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 300 AMI patients admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to March 2020.They were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,150 cases in each.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given TCM nursing on the basis of that of the control group.The scores of negative emotions[Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA),Hamilton depression scale(HAMD)],the quality of life score[Chinese cardiovascular patient quality of life assessment questionnaire(CQQC)],the hospitalization time,the recurrence rate of myocardial infarction,the mortality rate,and the nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups before and after the nursing.Results:After the nursing,the HAMA and HAMD scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group;the CQQC scores of social psychological function,general life function,disease condition,working condition,medical condition,physical strength and total score were higher than those of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The hospitalization time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group;the recurrence rate of myocardial infarction was lower than control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the mortality rate between the two groups(P>0.05).The scores of psychological nursing,disease nursing,life nursing,diet nursing and total satisfaction in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:On the basis of the routine nursing,the TCM nursing can reduce the HAMA and HAMD scores and the recurrence rate of myocardial infarction in the patients with AMI,shorten the hospitalization time,and improve the quality of life score and the nursing satisfaction.Moreover,it is superior to single routine nursing.