高糖饵料添加氧化三甲胺对团头鲂生长、体成分、肝脏健康及相关代谢产物的影响

Effect of TMAO supplementation in high-carbohydrate diets on growth,body composition,liver health status and relative metabolites of Megalobrama amblycephala

试验探究高糖饵料添加氧化三甲胺(TMAO)对团头鲂生长、体成分、肝脏健康及相关代谢产物的影响。选取270尾体重(5.00±0.50)g、体格健壮的团头鲂,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼。对照组(CD组)团头鲂投喂基础饵料,高糖组(HCD组)团头鲂投喂总糖量为38.25%的饵料,高糖+0.2%TMAO组(HTD组)团头鲂投喂总糖量为38.25%加0.2%TMAO的饵料。试验期90 d。结果显示:HCD组团头鲂的增重率和特定生长率显著低于CD组和HTD组(P<0.05),HCD组团头鲂的脂肪含量和肝体比显著高于CD组和HTD组(P<0.05)。与CD组相比,HCD组团头鲂肝细胞受损,出现大量脂肪堆积,且积分光密度值(IOD)极显著升高(P<0.01);与HCD组相比,HTD组团头鲂肝细胞脂肪堆积减少,细胞形态逐渐恢复正常,且IOD值极显著低于HCD组(P<0.01)。与HCD组相比,HTD组团头鲂肾脏和肌肉中二甲胺(DMA)含量显著升高(P<0.05),肝脏三甲胺(TMA)含量显著上升(P<0.05),血清和肾脏中TMAO含量显著降低(P<0.05);与CD组相比,HCD组和HTD组肠道DMA显著降低(P<0.05)。研究表明,高糖饵料添加0.2%TMAO能够促进团头鲂生长,显著降低团头鲂机体粗脂肪含量,改善肝脏健康,通过加强TMAO在肾脏和肌肉中的降解与排泄减少团头鲂血清中TMAO含量。

The experiment was to investigate the effect of high-carbohydrate diets supplemented with trimethylamine oxide(TMAO)on growth,body composition,liver health and related metabolites of Megalobrama amblycephala.A total of 270 healthy Megalobrama amblycephala with the body weight of(5.00±0.50)g were randomly divided into three groups,with three replicates in each group and 30 fish in each replicate.The fish in control group(group CD)were fed with basal diet,fish in high-carbohydrate group(group HCD)were fed with 38.25%total sugar diet,fish in highcarbohydrate+0.2%TMAO group(group HTD)were fed with 38.25%total sugar plus 0.2%TMAO diet.The experiment lasted for 90 d.The results showed that the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of Megalobrama amblycephala in group HCD were significantly lower than those in group CD and group HTD(P<0.05),and fat content and hepatosomatic ratio of Megalobrama amblycephala in group HCD were significantly higher than those in group CD and group HTD(P<0.05).Compared with group CD,hepatocytes of Megalobrama amblycephala in group HCD were damaged,a large amount of fat accumulation occurred,and the integrated optical density(IOD)value was extremely increased(P<0.01).Compared with group HCD,the fat accumulation in hepatocytes of Megalobrama amblycephala in group HTD was decreased,and the cell morphology gradually returned to normal,and IOD value was extremely lower than that in group HCD(P<0.01).Compared with group HCD,the dimethylamine(DMA)content in kidney and muscle was significantly increased(P<0.05),trimethylamine(TMA)content in liver was significantly increased(P<0.05),and TMAO content in serum and kidney was significantly decreased in group HTD(P<0.05).Compared with group CD,intestinal DMA in group HCD and group HTD was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The experiment indicates that high glucose diet supplemented with 0.2%TMAO can promote the growth of Megalobrama amblycephala,significantly reduce the body crude fat content,improve liver health status,reduce serum TMAO content of Megalobrama amblycephala by enhancing the degradation and excretion of TMAO in kidney and muscle.