早产产妇产后抑郁现状调查及其危险因素分析

The status of postpartum depression in puerpera with premature infants and their risk factors

目的探讨早产的产妇产后抑郁现状以及危险因素。方法选择2019年1月~2020年12月120例早产的产妇为研究对象,采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)筛查产后抑郁情况,并设为抑郁组与非抑郁组,调查两组孕产妇年龄、文化程度等一般资料以及早产儿体重、住院时间等病历资料,先后进行单因素与多因素分析,探讨早产的孕产妇产后抑郁的危险因素。结果早产儿孕产妇平均EPDS评分为9.12±2.06分,其中≥10分的有42例,产后抑郁检出率35%;单因素分析显示:抑郁组与非抑郁组在早产儿体重、住院时间、文化程度、父母人均月收入、社会支持、年龄、胎龄方面差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组产次、妊娠期合并症差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);多因素分析显示:早产儿体重<1500g、住院时间>2周、小学及以下文化程度、父母人均月收入<2000元、社会支持水平低是早产产妇产后抑郁的独立危险因素。结论早产儿孕产妇产后抑郁检出率较高,主要受到早产儿病情、体重、文化程度、经济状况、社会支持等的影响。

Objective To explore the current status and risk factors of postpartum depression in puerpera with premature infants.Methods A total of 120 pregnant women with premature infants from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects.The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale(EPDS)was used to screen for postpartum depression,and set the depression group and the non-depression group.Investigate general data such as age and educational level of pregnant women in the two groups,as well as medical record data such as weight and length of hospitalization of premature infants.The single-factor and multi-factor analysis investigations were used to explore the risk factors of postpartum depression in puerpera with premature infants.Results The average EPDS score of pregnant women with premature infants was(9.12±2.06)points,42 cases were≥10 points,and the detection rate of postpartum depression was 35%.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between the depressed group and the non-depressed group in terms of weight,length of hospitalization,education level,parents’monthly income,social support,age,and gestational age(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in parity and pregnancy complications between the two groups(P>0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the weight of preterm infants<1500g,the length of stay in hospital>2 weeks,the education level of elementary school and below,the per capita monthly income of parents<2000 yuan,and the low level of social support are independent risk factors for postpartum depression in preterm infants.Conclusion The detection rate of postpartum depression in puerpera with premature infants is high,which is mainly affected by the condition of premature infants,the weight of premature infant education level,economic status,and social support.