本科实习护生心理健康素养现状及影响因素分析

Current situation and influencing factors of mental health literacy of undergraduate nursing intern students

目的 探讨本科实习护生心理健康素养的现状及其影响因素。方法 2021年3—10月,采用便利抽样法,选取山东省3所医学院校的283名本科实习护生作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查问卷、领悟社会支持量表、简版流调中心抑郁量表及心理健康素养量表进行问卷调查。结果 本科实习护生心理健康素养得分为(114.50±11.28)分,不同自评健康状况、寻求专业心理帮助次数、是否担任班干部及对心理知识是否感兴趣的护生心理健康素养得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。领悟社会支持与心理健康素养呈正相关(r=0.377,P<0.01),领悟社会支持、心理健康素养均与抑郁呈负相关(r=-0.361、-0.220,均P<0.01)。多元线性回归显示,对心理知识是否感兴趣,寻求专业心理帮助的次数、领悟社会支持及抑郁是本科实习护生心理健康素养的主要影响因素(均P<0.05),可解释总体变异的19.1%。结论 本科实习护生心理健康素养得分处于中等偏上水平,影响因素较多,学校与医院要重视护生的心理健康素养的影响因素,采取有效措施提升护生的心理健康素养。

Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of mental health literacy of undergraduate nursing intern students.Methods From March to October 2021,283 undergraduate nursing intern students from three medical colleges in Shandong Province were selected by convenience sampling as the research objects.The general data questionnaire,the perceived social support scale,short version of depression scale and mental health literacy scale were used for the questionnaire survey.Results The mental health literacy score of undergraduate nursing intern students was(114.50±11.28)points,and there were statistically significant differences in the scores of mental health literacy among nursing students on different self rated health status,times of seeking professional psychological help,they were class cadres or not,and whether they were interested in psychological knowledge or not(all P<0.05).The social support was positively correlated with mental health literacy(r=0.377,P<0.01),while perceived social support and mental health literacy were both negatively correlated with depression(r=-0.361,-0.220,both P <0.01).Multiple linear regression showed that whether they were interested in psychological knowledge,the number of times they sought professional psychological help,social support and depression were the main influencing factors of mental health literacy of undergraduate nursing intern students(all P<0.05),which could explain 19.1% of the total variation.Conclusion The mental health literacy score of undergraduate nursing intern students is above middle level,so the schools and hospitals should pay attention to the influencing factors of mental health literacy of nursing students and take effective measures to improve their mental health literacy.