糖尿病血液透析患者补充益生菌对营养素摄入量、胃饥饿素及脂联素浓度的影响

Effects of probiotics supplementation on nutrient intake,ghrelin and adiponectin concentration in diabetic hemodialysis patients

目的探究糖尿病血液透析患者补充益生菌对营养素摄入量、胃饥饿素及脂联素浓度的影响。方法前瞻性选取2021年1月至2022年1月在江苏省中医院治疗的60例糖尿病血液透析患者,将其按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各30例,其中对照组患者给予常规基础治疗,观察组患者则在对照组治疗的基础上补充益生菌,疗程为12周。分析两组患者营养素摄入量,治疗前后的营养状况、胃饥饿素及脂联素浓度变化、肾脏功能变化、微炎症指标变化,同时统计两组患者的满意度。结果观察组患者营养素蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、钙、铁、锌、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2和膳食纤维的摄入量均显著优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者血红蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白、脂联素水平显著升高,观察组以上指标均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组胃饥饿素(Ghrelin)、尿素氮、尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)、24 h尿蛋白定量、肿瘤坏死因子-α、C-反应蛋白和白细胞介素-6水平均降低,观察组以上指标均显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者总满意度为100.00%,显著低于对照组(73.33%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病血液透析患者补充益生菌可有效提高营养素的摄入量和脂联素浓度,降低胃饥饿素浓度,改善患者的肾脏功能,值得临床推广使用。

Objective To investigate the effects of probiotics supplementation on nutrient intake,ghrelin and adiponectin concentration in diabetic hemodialysis patients.Methods In this prospective study,60 diabetic hemodialysis patients treated in Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to January 2022,and divided into observation group and control group according to random number table,with 30 patients each.Patients in the control group were given conventional basic treatment,while patients in the observation group were supplemented with probiotics on the basis of the treatment in the control group,and the course of treatment was set for 12 weeks.Nutrient intake,nutritional status,changes in ghrelin and adiponectin concentrations,changes in renal function and changes in microinflammatory indicators before and after treatment were analyzed in the two groups,and the satisfaction of patients in the two groups was analyzed.Results The intake of nutrient protein,fat,carbohydrate,calcium,iron,zinc,vitamin A,vitamin B1,vitamin B2 and dietary fiber in observation group were significantly better than those in control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of hemoglobin,albumin,prealbumin,and adiponectin were increased significantly in both groups,and those in the observed group were higher than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),while the levels of ghrelin,blood urea nitrogen,urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER),24h urinary protein quantification,tumor necrosis factor-α,and C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 were reduced,and those in the observation group were significantly lower than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total satisfaction of the observation group was 100.00%,which was lower than that of the control group(73.33%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Probiotics supplementation can effectively improve nutrient intake and adiponectin concentration,reduce ghrelin concentration and improve renal function in diabetic hemodialysis patients.