基于不同提取方法的榆黄蘑多糖构效关系

The Relationship of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Polysaccharides’ Structure and Activity Based on Different Extraction Methods

为探讨榆黄蘑Pleurotus citrinopileatus多糖的构效关系,采用热水浸提、超声提取和碱提取3种方法分别提取榆黄蘑多糖,Sevage法去除游离蛋白,透析去除小分子化合物后,对提取的3个多糖进行分子质量、单糖组成、红外光谱的分析,并利用体外自由基试验评价抗氧化活性,以Pearson相关系数、偏最小二乘法(PLS)分析多糖单糖组成与抗氧化活性的相关性。结果表明:3种方法提取的多糖均包含2个多糖组分,分子质量为4.15×10^(5)~4.92×10^(5)Da和3.14×10^(5)~3.32×10^(5)Da;其中榆黄蘑水提多糖(PCP-S)是由葡萄糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖醛酸等组成的α型呋喃葡聚糖,榆黄蘑超声提取多糖(PCP-C)是由葡萄糖、半乳糖、木糖等组成的α型呋喃葡聚糖,榆黄蘑碱提多糖(PCP-J)是由葡萄糖、葡萄糖醛酸、木糖等组成的β型呋喃葡聚糖;3种多糖均具有体外抗氧化活性,在清除羟自由基、超氧阴离子、ABTS~+以及DPPH方面,PCP-S、PCP-C的活性均高于PCP-J;经相关性分析发现,榆黄蘑多糖抗氧化活性强弱与组成多糖的单糖种类及比例有关,单糖组成中的阿拉伯糖(Ara)、核糖(Rib)、甘露糖(Man)和葡萄糖(Glc)为影响活性的主要正因素,果糖(Fru)、半乳糖(Gal)是影响活性的主要负因素。

The Pleurotus citrinopileatus polysaccharides were obtained through three different methods including hot water extraction,ultrasonic extraction and alkali extraction.The free proteins were removed by sevage method,and the small molecule compounds were removed by dialysis.The relative molecular weight,monosaccharide composition and infrared spectrum of three polysaccharides were analyzed.The antioxidant activity of polysaccharides was evaluated by free radical experiment in vitro.The correlation between monosaccharide composition and the antioxidant activity of polysaccharides was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and partial least squares method (PLS).The results showed that the extracted polysaccharides in different methods all included two polysaccharide components with relative molecular weights of 4.15×10^(5)-4.92×10^(5)Da and 3.14×10^(5)-3.32×10^(5)Da.The water-extracted polysaccharide (PCP-S) were α-type polysaccharides composed of Glc,Gal and Glc-AC.The ultrasonic-extracted polysaccharide (PCP-C) were α-type polysaccharides composed of Glc,Gal and Xyl.The alkali extracted polysaccharide (PCP-J) wasβ-type polysaccharide composed of Glc,Glc-AC and Xyl.All three polysaccharides had antioxidant activity in vitro,but the activities of PCP-S and PCP-C were higher than that of PCP-J,and the correlation analysis showed that the antioxidant activity of Pleurotus citrinopileatus polysaccharides was related to the type and proportion of monosaccharides.Ara,Rib,Man and Glc were the main positive factors,while Fru and Gal were the main negative factors.