采用余热型热泵的整车制热系统设计与仿真

Design and simulation of vehicle heating system using waste heat pump

针对现有纯电动汽车热泵空调在低温气候下由于车外换热器结霜导致的制热性能低的问题,提出一种利用电机余热增强热泵空调制热性能,同时加热电池的纯电动车整车制热系统。在AMESim软件中建立了整车制热系统模型,分别在环境温度为0、-10和-20℃情况下进行仿真分析。研究结果表明:新系统乘员舱制热和电池加热效果较好;在环境温度为-20℃,1个WLTC工况循环下,相比于传统热泵空调,新系统能大大缩短乘员舱制热时间且制热效率提高了27.4%;与电池自生热加热相比,新系统中电池加热效果提高了79.7%,整车电能消耗减少16.7%。

Aiming at the problem of low heating performance of the existing pure electric vehicle heat pump air conditioner due to the frosting of the outside heat exchanger in a low temperature climate,this paper proposes a pure electric vehicle heating system,which uses the waste heat of the motor to enhance the heating performance of the heat pump air conditioner and,at the same time,heats the battery.The vehicle heating system model is established in AMESim software,and the simulation analysis is carried out under the conditions of ambient temperature of 0℃,-10℃and-20℃respectively.The research results show that the new system has better heating effect both in the passenger compartment and for the battery;compared with the traditional heat pump air conditioner,the new system can greatly shorten the heating time of the passenger compartment and increase the heating efficiency by 27.4%when the ambient temperature is-20℃and the vehicle is running for one WLTC;compared with the self-heating of the battery,the heating effect of the battery in the new system increases by 79.7%,and the power consumption of the whole vehicle decreases by 16.7%.