利用Biot参数分析和优化汽车声学包性能的方法

A method for analyzing and optimizing the performance of automotive sound packages using Biot parameters

以地毯子系统为研究对象,通过试验获取满足精度条件的各层材料Biot参数,建立了地板总成统计能量分析模型(statistical energy analysis,SEA),并在混响室、混响室—半消声试验室测量地毯的吸声系数和插入损失,对比仿真与试验结果验证模型的有效性。以Biot参数为设计变量,插入损失、吸声系数和质量为目标函数,建立满足精度的Kriging近似模型,采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行优化,并对得到的Pareto解集利用权重分析法继续寻优,确定了最优的材料参数组合。结果表明:优化后的声学包在400~8000 Hz范围内插入损失平均值提高0.803 dB,吸声系数平均值提高0.011,质量降低了13.30%。

Taking the carpet subsystem as the research object,the Biot parameters of the materials satisfying the accuracy conditions in each layer are obtained through experiments.Then,in order to verify the validity of the model by comparing the simulation and test results,Statistical Energy Analysis(SEA)model of the floor assembly is established,and the sound absorption coefficient and insertion loss of the carpet are measured both in the reverberation room and the reverberation-and-semi-anechoic test room.Finally,with Biot parameters as design variables,and insertion loss,sound absorption coefficient and mass as objective functions,a Kriging approximation model that satisfies the accuracy is established.Besides,the NSGA-II algorithm is used for optimization,and,through the weight analysis method,the obtained Pareto solution set is further optimized to determine the optimal combination of material parameters.The results show that,in the range of 400~8000 Hz,the average insertion loss of the optimized sound package increases by 0.803 dB,the average sound absorption coefficient increases by 0.011,and the mass decreases by 13.30%.