薄壁齿轮箱结构声强可视化及减振方法研究

Study on visualization of structural sound intensity and vibration reduction method of thin-walled gearboxe

针对大型薄壁齿轮箱的结构振动噪声问题,建立了一种基于结构声强计算及可视化的结构局部附加阻尼材料减振设计方法,实现了齿轮箱的低振动设计。以某大型复杂薄壁行星齿轮箱为研究对象,确定了局部附加阻尼减振设计的流程。首先建立箱体的有限元模型,考虑齿轮系统的动态啮合激励,求解出箱体机脚测点的振动响应,并根据振动加速度级频谱图确定振动的峰值频率。利用ANSYS APDL通过结构声强计算及可视化得到齿轮箱薄壁结构的结构声强幅值云图,由此确定出振动能量最大的区域。最后对该区域附加阻尼材料,并对局部附加阻尼布局方案及全局附加阻尼布局方案下齿轮箱机脚的有效振动加速度级进行比较。结果表明:通过该方法进行阻尼材料的布局设计可以有效降低测点的振动加速度级,在有限的阻尼材料消耗情况下,可以获得比全局附加阻尼方法更好的减振效果。

In order to solve the problem of structural vibration and noise of large thin-walled gearbox,a design method of vibration reduction by adding damping materials locally to the structure based on the calculation of structural sound intensity and visualization is established,and the low vibration design of gearbox structure is realized.Taking a large complex and thin-walled planetary gearbox as the research object,the design flow of local additional damping is given.First,the finite element model of the gearbox structure is established.Considering the dynamic meshing excitation of the gear system,the vibration response of the measuring point of the box foot is solved,and the peak frequency of the vibration is determined according to the vibration acceleration level spectrum.Then,ANSYS APDL is used to calculate and display the structural sound intensity amplitude nephogram of the thin-walled structure,and the area with the largest vibration energy is determined.Finally,the damping material is added to this area,and the effective vibration acceleration level of the gearbox foot under the local additional damping layout scheme and the global additional damping layout scheme is compared.The results show that the vibration acceleration level of the measuring point can be effectively reduced by using this method to design the layout of damping materials.Compared with the global additional damping method,the better vibration reduction is obtained in the local one under the condition of limited damping material consumption.