曼努埃尔·里瓦斯作品中的记忆元素——以《蝴蝶的舌头》为例

Memory as the Element in the Works of Manuel Rivas:Taking La lengua de mariposas as an Example

西班牙作家曼努埃尔·里瓦斯于20世纪90年代出版的关于记忆的作品以文学形式开启了加利西亚人对西班牙内战的反思,反映出关于西班牙内战的个人记忆和集体记忆正逐渐融入加利西亚人的文化记忆中,具有重要的学术意义、美学意义和现实意义。他的短篇小说《蝴蝶的舌头》是一篇带有成长小说色彩的、讲述西班牙内战期间创伤记忆的作品。本文将从文学的记忆媒介功能和选择叙述策略的优势两个方面来分析该作品,通过文本细读揭示西班牙人有关内战和佛朗哥统治时期的记忆的存在方式,探索个体记忆、集体记忆、历史记忆和文化记忆之间的关系,试图解答“创伤记忆是如何被重建的”以及“为何要重建创伤记忆”这两个问题。

Spanish writer Manuel Rivas works on memory published in the 1990s opened the Galician reflections on the Spanish Civil War in literary form,showing that personal and collective memories of the Spanish Civil War was gradually integrating into the cultural memory of the Galicians.Therefore,his works are of great academic,aesthetic and practical significance.La lengua de mariposas is a short story equipped with certain characteristics of Bildungsroman,concerning a boy s traumatic memories of the Spanish Civil War.This article will analyze the work from two aspects:the function of literary works as media of memory and the advantages of literature at the moment of choosing narrative strategies.Through close reading of the text,this article will examine the way of existence of the Spaniards memories regarding the Civil war and Franco s rule and explore the relationships between individual,collective,historical and cultural memory,trying to answer two important questions:“how traumatic memory is reconstructed”and“why should it be reconstructed”.