基于AHP-GIS的干旱区城乡建设用地适宜性评价——以新疆昆玉市为例

Suitability evaluation of urban and rural construction land in arid region based on AHP-GIS:Taking Kunyu City of Xinjiang as an example

土地资源的稀缺使得建设用地需合理利用和规划,以满足城乡的长期发展。本文以新疆昆玉市为例,依托ArcGIS的数据分析以及可视化功能,采用层次分析法(AHP),从自然、社会、生态三方面综合考虑各类影响因素,对昆玉市城乡建设用地适宜性进行评价研究和等级划分,为沙漠边缘城乡建设用地的开发利用与规划提供技术参考和决策依据。结果表明:极适宜区(12.12%)主要分布在建成区南部、杜瓦河上游区;高适宜区(29.43%)主要分布在中部平缓地区;中适宜区(16.81%)集中在高适宜区周围地形复杂区域;低适宜区(19.79%)集中分布在南部裸地区域;不适宜区(21.84%)集中分布在沙地、裸岩区域。由于特殊的地理地形环境限制,昆玉市城乡建设用地适宜性较低,根据土地利用现状和城乡未来发展方向,应合理规划用地,以最大程度确保土地的合理利用和资源优化配置。

The scarcity of land resources makes the construction land have to be reasonably used and planned to meet the long-term development of the city. Taking Kunyu City, Xinjiang as an example, relying on ArcGIS data analysis and visualization function, using Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP), from natural, social and ecological aspects, considering various influencing factors, evaluate the suitability of Kunyu City construction land and classification, and based on the research results to provide certain reference and basis for the development and planning of construction land in desert edge cities. The results show that the extremely suitable area(12.12%) is mainly distributed in the south of the built-up area and the upper reaches of Duwa River;high suitable area(29.43%) is mainly distributed in the central gentle area;moderate appropriate area(16.81%) is concentrated in the complex terrain area;low suitable area(19.79%) is concentrated in the southern bare land area;unsuitable area(21.84%) is concentrated in the sandy and bare rock area. Due to the special geographical and topographic environment restrictions, the suitability of urban construction land in Kunyu City is low.According to the current situation of land use and the future urban development direction of Kunyu City, the development and utilization of Kunyu City is used rationally to ensure the reasonable land planning and optimize the allocation of resources to the greatest extent.