基于IMB模型的护理干预在前庭功能障碍患者中的应用价值

Application value of nursing intervention based on IMB model in patients with vestibular dysfunction

目的探讨基于信息-动机-行为技巧(IMB)模型的护理干预在前庭功能障碍患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年2月—2022年2月南京医科大学附属脑科医院神经内科眩晕专病门诊及病房收治的144例前庭功能障碍患者为研究对象,按照组间基本资料具有可比性的原则分为对照组87例和观察组57例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用基于IMB模型的护理干预。比较两组患者眩晕程度、自我效能感、跌倒风险及康复效果。结果两组患者入院时、入院后1周、出院时、出院后2周、出院后4周眩晕残障量表(DHI)评分、前庭康复获益问卷(VRBQ)评分、跌倒风险问卷(FRQ)评分均出现逐渐降低状况,时间比较差异具有统计学意义(P_(时间)<0.05);组间比较差异有统计学意义(P_(组间)<0.05);且随着观察时间延长,组间差距逐渐增大,差异有统计学意义(P_(交互)<0.05)。两组患者入院时、入院后1周、出院时、出院后2周、出院后4周一般自我效能感量表(GSES)评分出现逐渐升高状况,时间比较差异具有统计学意义(P_(时间)<0.05);组间比较差异有统计学意义(P_(组间)<0.05);且随着观察时间延长,组间差距逐渐增大,差异有统计学意义(P_(交互)<0.05)。结论基于IMB模型的护理干预可减少前庭功能障碍患者的跌倒风险,减轻眩晕程度,提升自我效能感。

Objective To explore the application effect of nursing intervention based on information-motivation-behavioral skills(IMB)model in patients with vestibular dysfunction.Methods To select 144 patients with vestibular dysfunction who were admitted to the vertigo clinic and ward of the Department of Neurology of the Brain Hospital affi liated to Nanjing Medical University from February 2021 to February 2022 as the study objects.According to the principle of comparability of basic data between groups,87 cases were divided into a control group and 57 cases into an observation group.The control group received routine nursing,while the observation group received nursing intervention based on IMB model on the basis of the control group.The vertigo degree,self-effi cacy,fall risk and rehabilitation eff ect were compared between the two groups.Results The dizziness handicap inventory(DHI)score,vestibular rehabilitation benefi t questionnaire(VRBQ)score,fall risk questionnaire(FRQ)score decreased gradually in the two groups at admission,1 week after admission,2 weeks after discharge,and 4 weeks after discharge,with a statistically signifi cant diff erence in time(P<0.05);the diff erence between groups was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05);and with the prolongation of observation time,the gap between groups gradually increased,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The general self-effi cacy scale(GSES)scores increased gradually in the two groups at admission,1 week after admission,2 weeks after discharge,and 4 weeks after discharge,with a statistically signifi cant diff erence in time(P<0.05);the diff erence between groups was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05);and with the prolongation of observation time,the gap between groups gradually increased,the diff erence was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).Conclusion Nursing intervention based on IMB model can reduce the fall risk of patients with vestibular dysfunction,reduce the degree of vertigo,and enhance self-effi cacy.