考虑指示标志的视野受限情况下人员疏散模型

Evacuation Model Considering the Restricted View of the Sign

为研究视野受限对行人疏散过程的影响,建立视野受限情况下行人疏散元胞自动机模型。模型中根据视野半径大小,将疏散空间划分为3个不同的区域,行人在不同区域有着不同的运动方式;定义不同的收益参数,用于计算行人运动收益矩阵,确定行人下一个时间步的目标位置;建立疏散场景,对不同行人初始密度,视野半径变化以及指示标志在不同区域进行仿真模拟,分析这些因素对行人疏散过程的影响。仿真结果表明:行人初始密度越大,所用疏散时间越长;视野半径增大有助于行人疏散,当视野半径增大到一定值后,对行人疏散效果增益不明显;房间内有指示标志情况下行人所用疏散时间要明显小于没有指示标志的情况,且盲目运动区有指示标志时行人疏散效率要高于墙壁可见区有指示标志的情况。

In order to study the influence of restricted vision on the process of pedestrian evacuation, a cellular automata model of pedestrian evacuation under restricted vision is established. In the model, the evacuation space is divided into three different areas according to the field of view radius, pedestrians have different ways of moving in different areas. Different income parameters are defined to calculate the pedestrian movement income matrix and determine the target position of the pedestrian in the next time step. An evacuation scene is established to simulate the initial density of different pedestrians, the change of the field of view and the indicator signs in different areas, and the influence of these factors on the evacuation process of pedestrians are analyzed. The simulation results show that the greater the initial density of pedestrians, the longer the evacuation time will be. The larger the field of view radius will help pedestrians evacuate. When the field of view radius increases to a certain value, the effect of pedestrian evacuation is not obvious. There are signs in the room, the evacuation time for pedestrians should be significantly shorter than that without signs, and the evacuation efficiency of pedestrians when there are signs in the blind movement area is higher than that in the visible area of the wall.