大学物理中振动和波动方程求解的重难点分析

The analysis of important and difficult pointsin solving vibration and wave equations in university physics

简谐振动和简谐波是大学物理的重要组成部分,其方程的求解,一直是学生学习的重难点,主要是因为初相位难以确定.旋转矢量法能直观、方便地研究简谐振动,是确定初相位的重要工具,而根据振动曲线或者波形图正确判断振动方向是基于旋转矢量法求解初相位的关键.通过实例阐述了旋转矢量法和振动方向判断方法在简谐振动和平面简谐波求解中的运用,为学生直观、快速且准确地理解和解决简谐振动和简谐波问题提供了良好的思路,将对大学物理教学提供重要的参考.

Simple harmonic vibration and simple harmonic wave are important components of university physics,the solution of their equations has always been the important and difficult point for students to learn,and which mainly because the initial phase is difficult to determine.The rotation vector method can study simple harmonic vibration intuitively and conveniently,and it is an important tool to determine the initial phase.The key to solve the initial phase based on the rotation vector method is to correctly judge the vibration direction according to the vibration curve or waveform diagram.In this paper,the application of the rotation vector method and the vibration direction judgment method in the solution of simple harmonic vibration and plane simple harmonic wave is illustrated by examples.It provides a good idea for students to understand and solve visually,quickly and accurately the simple harmonic vibration and simple harmonic wave problems,and will provide an important reference for university physics teaching.