我国冰雪项目归化外籍运动员问题研究:初步实践、理性认知与实施策略

Research on the naturalization of foreign athletes in China’s ice and snow events:Preliminary practice,rational cognition and implementation strategies

基于我国“全项目参赛”和“参赛出彩”的最大期望,提出归化运动员的辅助策略,以应对后备人才培养和跨界跨项选材的不足.系统归纳我国冰雪项目归化外籍运动员的重要事件:在归化实施上历经社会呼吁、理念构建和实践操作3个阶段;在操作对象上以优秀华裔运动员为主;在归化策略上采取政府部门主导,具体项目具体实施的归化模式.冰雪项目归化外籍运动员的本质特征是全球化背景下竞技体育人才的跨国流动和冬奥会背景下我国提升冰雪实力的现实捷径,实施归化经受住我国国籍法和国际单项体育联合会双重法律的考量,且符合感情基础、基本国情、伦理道德、全球趋势.但其必然带来“金元体育”趋利主义、人才培养体系平衡打破、国际冬奥竞争格局破坏、“水土不服”社会区隔等负面效应.基于此,提出:加强顶层设计,加快政策落实;明确归化目标,理性实施归化;以华裔血缘归化为主,合理选择归化模式;平衡人才培养体系,注重后备人才培养等推进策略.

Based on China’s greatest expectation of“full event participation”and“outstanding competition”,auxiliary strategies for naturalized athletes are proposed to cope with the shortage of reserve talent training and cross-sector selection.The important events of the naturalization of foreign athletes in China’s ice and snow events are systematically summarized.The implementation of naturalization has gone through three stages of social appeal,concept construction and practical operation,the operation targets are excellent Chinese athletes,the naturalization strategy is led by government departments.The naturalization mode of specific project implementation.The essential feature of the naturalization of foreign athletes in ice and snow events is the cross-border flow of competitive sports talents under the background of globalization and the realistic shortcut for China to improve the strength of ice and snow under the background of the Winter Olympics.The implementation of naturalization will withstand the consideration of the dual laws of nationality and competitive sports in China.And it is in line with emotional foundation,basic national conditions,ethics and morals,and global trends,but it will inevitably bring about“golden sports”profit-seeking,the balance of the talent training system will be broken,the international Winter Olympics competition pattern will break rapidly,and the“unacceptable”social division.Based on this,it is proposed to strengthen the top-level design and speed up the implementation of policies,clarify the naturalization goals and implement naturalization rationally,focus on the naturalization of Chinese descent,and rationally choose the naturalization mode,balance the talent training system and focus on the promotion of reserve talents.