“天然气+氢能”双清洁低碳能源体系构建和技术路径选择

Construction of“natural gas+hydrogen”dual clean and low-carbon energy system and choice of technical path

中国首次发布氢能产业中长期规划,明确了氢能在能源体系中的重要地位,而“双碳”目标指明了能源结构的转型方向,这一系列重大举措将会积极推动能源结构向清洁低碳发展。天然气具有清洁低碳优势,氢能具有清洁高效特质,未来发展潜力巨大。探讨了如何利用现有天然气资源及其基础设施支持氢能产业的发展,提出构建“天然气+氢能”双清洁低碳能源体系的设想;分析了3类主要能源,电能、天然气和氢能之间相互转化依托的技术路径及其中的主要技术,指出应重点发展可再生能源电解水制氢和电解二氧化碳技术,耦合天然气制氢与碳捕获、利用与封存(CCUS)协同发展。本工作可为构建清洁、低碳、安全和高效的能源体系提供参考。

The medium and long-term plan for hydrogen energy industry issued by China for the first time clarifies the important position of hydrogen energy in the energy system,and the“double carbon”target points out the transformation direction of the energy structure.These major measures will actively promote the development of clean and low-carbon energy structure.Natural gas has the advantages of clean and low-carbon,and hydrogen energy has the characteristics of clean and efficient,both of which have great potential for development in the future.How to use the existing natural gas resources and their infrastructure to support the development of hydrogen energy industry was discussed,and the idea of building a“natural gas+hydrogen”dual clean and low-carbon energy system is put forward.The technical paths and main technologies of the transformation between three main types of energy,electric energy,natural gas and hydrogen energy were analyzed,and the suggestions are pointed out,that is,the technology of hydrogen production by water electrolysis and carbon dioxide electrolysis from renewable energy should be focused on,and hydrogen production from natural gas should be coupled with carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)for coordinated development.The above views can provide a reference for building a clean,low-carbon,safe and efficient energy system.