2019-2021年泰州市中学新生结核潜伏感染现况及影响因素

Status and influencing factors of latent tuberculosis infection among middle school students in Taizhou from 2019 to 2021

目的 描述江苏省泰州市2019―2021年中学新生的结核潜伏感染现况,分析中学新生结核潜伏感染影响因素,为学校肺结核防控工作提供参考依据。方法 收集入学新生体检资料和结核菌素皮肤试验(tuberculin skin test,TST)结果,问卷收集与肺结核相关的个体特征,采用logistic回归分析模型分析潜伏感染相关影响因素。结果 研究共纳入泰州市18所中学13~18岁中学新生23 910人,其结核潜伏感染率为5.675%。多因素结果显示,高中生(aOR=1.569,95%CI:1.083~2.273,P=0.017)、18.5 kg/m^(2)≤BMI≤23.9 kg/m^(2)(aOR=1.415,95%CI:1.196~1.674,P<0.001)、BMI>23.9 kg/m^(2)(aOR=1.643,95%CI:1.358~1.988,P<0.001)、既往有结核病史(aOR=5.026,95%CI:2.264~11.155,P<0.001)是结核潜伏感染的危险因素。结论 增加户外运动锻炼时间,适当减压,提高机体免疫力,同时平衡膳食营养,以保持合适的BMI,是预防学生结核潜伏感染的有效途径。

Objective To describe the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection and analyze the influencing factors of latent tuberculosis infection among middle school freshmen from 2019 to 2021 in Taizhou City,Jiangsu Province,and to provide a reference for tuberculosis prevention and control in school.Methods The physical examination data and tuberculin skin test(TST) results of freshmen were collected,and the risk factors related to latent tuberculosis infection were collected by questionnaire.Logistic regression analysis model was used to analyze the data.Results A total of 23 910 participants aged 13-18 years old were included.The overall latent tuberculosis infection rate of tuberculosis among middle school students in Taizhou was 5.675%.Multivariate analysis results showed that senior high school students(aOR=1.569,95% CI:1.083-2.273,P=0.017),18.5 kg/m^(2)≤BMI≤23.9 kg/m^(2)(aOR=1.415,95% CI:1.196-1.674,P23.9 kg/m^(2)(aOR=1.643,95% CI:1.358-1.988,P<0.001),previous tuberculosis(aOR=5.026,95% CI:2.264-11.155,P<0.001) were the risk factors of latent tuberculosis infection.Conclusions Effective ways to prevent latent tuberculosis infection in middle school students include increasing outdoor exercise time,reducing stress appropriately,improving body immunity,and balancing diet nutrition to maintain proper BMI.