渐进性抗阻运动对老年人体适能及跌倒风险的干预研究

Intervention of progressive resistance exercise on fitness and risk of fall in the elderly

目的 探讨渐进性抗阻运动对老年人体适能及跌倒风险的影响。方法 选取昆明市某养老机构自理区70岁及以上老年人42例,对其进行12周的渐进性抗阻运动训练,对比干预前后肌肉力量、体质量指数(BMI)、柔韧性、有氧耐力、平衡能力指标及跌倒风险指标的变化情况。结果 12周干预后,老年男性下肢肌肉力量、下肢柔韧性、有氧耐力、平衡能力/跌倒风险均有显著改善(P<0.05),老年女性下肢肌肉力量、下肢柔韧性、平衡功能/跌倒风险有极显著改善(P<0.01),上肢肌肉力量、上肢柔韧性、有氧耐力显著改善(P<0.05)。结论 12周的渐进性抗阻运动可以明显改善老年人的体适能,降低跌倒风险,对预防老年人跌倒有很好的效果。

Objective To investigate the effects of progressive resistance exercise on fitness and fall risk in the elderly.Methods Select Kunming a pension agency care area more than 70 years old and old people 42,to 12 weeks of progressive resistance exercise training, main reason is large in the whole body muscle group of muscle strength training, contrast before and after the intervention in muscle strength, body mass index(BMI),flexibility and aerobic endurance, balance and fall risk indicators.Results 12 weeks after the intervention, the lower limb muscle strength in older men, lower limbs flexibility, aerobic stamina, balance/fall risk were improved significantly(P<0.05),older women lower limb muscle strength, lower limbs flexibility, balance function/fall risk improved significantly(P<0.01),upper limb muscle strength, upper extremity flexibility, aerobic endurance improved significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion 12 weeks of progressive resistance exercise can significantly improve physical fitness of the elderly, reduce the risk of falling, and has a good effect on the prevention of falling in the elderly.