我国非医务人员针对中老年患者心肺复苏培训现状

Status quo of CPR training and training methods for non-medical staff

心搏骤停是威胁中老年人生命较为严峻的问题,属于临床中危重急症,数分钟后即可从临床死亡过渡到生物学死亡。心肺复苏是针对骤停的心脏和呼吸采取的救命技术,能帮助患者恢复自主呼吸和自主循环,早期干预有助于提高患者生存率。对于非医务人员的心肺复苏培训,能使得院外心脏骤停事件存活率高出一倍以上。老年人多器官功能不全发生率高,呼吸、心搏骤停易引发多米诺骨牌效应,呼吸道痰堵塞与肋骨骨折更为常见。非医务人员心肺复苏培训能作为急救医疗资源紧缺的一种补充,针对老年人的心肺复苏应针对性培训。目前,非医务人员心肺复苏培训方式相对较多,包括BOPPPS培训法、站点式培训、现场反馈法等,不同培训方法各有优缺点。因此,本综述将以心肺复苏培训为起点,分析非医务人员心肺复苏培训现状,探讨当前非医务人员心肺复苏培训方式,分析不同培训方法的优缺点,关注老年人心肺复苏技术特点,以提升培训效果。

Cardiac arrest is a serious problem that threatens the lives of residents.It is a clinically critical emergency.Generally, after 4~6 minutes of cardiac arrest, irreversible damage to brain tissue can occur.After a few minutes, the transition from clinical death to biological die.Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a life-saving technique for the heart and breathing of sudden arrest, which can help patients restore spontaneous breathing and spontaneous circulation, and early intervention can help improve the survival rate of patients.CPR training for non-medical staff can more than double the survival rate from an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest event.Strengthening CPR training for non-medical staff can be used as a supplement to the shortage of emergency medical resources.At present, there are relatively many CPR training methods for non-medical staff, including: training method, one-stop training, sub-station training, on-site feedback method, etc.Different training methods have their own advantages and disadvantages.Therefore, this review will take CPR training as a starting point to analyze the current situation of CPR training for non-medical staff, discuss the current CPR training methods for non-medical staff, and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different training methods to improve the training effect.