基于DPSIR模型的2003—2015年文山州生态安全动态评价

Dynamic Evaluation of Ecological Security in Wenshan Prefecture from 2003 to 2015 Based on DPSIR Model

基于DPSIR模型,结合文山州石漠化分布现状,从驱动力、压力、状态、影响和响应5个方面选取22个经济、社会和环境指标构建石漠化评价体系,采用熵权法和TOPSIS方法确定文山州石漠化生态安全指数,使用相应的阈值划分安全等级,分别从时间和空间2个维度对文山州8个县/市的石漠化生态安全性进行定量评价。结果表明:排名前5的指标为经济密度、农药负荷、当年造林面积、人均GDP、人均耕地面积,因此生态安全保护须做到经济、社会和环境均衡发展。2003—2015年,文山州石漠化生态安全状况不容乐观,但整体呈现上升趋势,石漠化生态安全由较不安全向临界安全改善,五大子系统石漠化生态安全指数逐渐上升。文山州石漠化生态安全状况较好的地区主要集中于经济开发的西北部,状态较为稳定。2003—2015年,临界安全等级国土面积占比由24.54%至26.25%后上升为37.91%,麻栗坡县由较不安全上升为临界安全。本研究可为文山州石漠化治理与生态环境保护提供参考。

Combined with the current distribution status of rocky desertification Wenshan Prefecture,based on the DPSIR model from the driving force,pressure,status,influence and response to the 5 aspects of the selection of 22 economic,social and environmental construction of rocky desertification evaluation system,using the entropy weight method and TOPSIS method confirms the ecological security index of Wenshan rocky desertification.And using the corresponding threshold value division safety level evaluates the ecological security of rocky desertification in 8 counties and cities in Wenshan from 2 dimensions of time and space.The results showed as follows:Economic density,pesticide load,afforestation area,per capita GDP and per capita arable land area ranked the top 5 among the evaluation indexes,which occupied an important position in the ecological security of rocky desertification in Wenshan.The ecological security protection must achieve balanced development of economy,society and environment.From 2003 to 2015,the ecological security of rocky desertification in Wenshan was not optimistic,but it showed an upward trend.The ecological security of rocky desertification in Wenshan improved from less safe to critical safety and the ecological security index of 5 sub-systems of rocky desertification increased gradually.The areas with better ecological security of rocky desertification in Wenshan are mainly concentrated in the northwest of economic development.Its state is relatively stable.From 2003 to 2015,the proportion of land area in the critical security level increased from 24.54%to 26.25%to 37.91%,and Malipo County rose from less safe to critical safety.It provides experience summary for rocky desertification control and ecological environment protection in Wenshan Prefecture.