栓皮栎采伐剩余物解剖特性研究

Study on Anatomical Characteristics of Logging Residues of Quercus variabilis

以河南龙峪湾林场的栓皮栎为研究对象,对其树枝和树根解剖构造进行分析,为其加工利用提供基本参数。结果表明:栓皮栎树枝和树干一样,呈现环孔材特征,早材管孔大,呈单行排列,晚材导管呈辐射状排列。树根木质部呈现半环孔材特征,早晚材导管区别不明显,单管孔,呈径列分布。树枝处纤维长度为822.436μm,宽度为13.527μm,长宽比为62.354,壁腔比为0.510,纤维占比61.677%;树根的纤维长度为991.929μm,宽度为17.062μm,壁厚为8.101μm,长宽比为63.155,壁腔比为0.980,纤维占比64.667%。树枝木射线高度与宽度为264.305μm、16.062μm,射线占比21.127%;树根木射线高度与宽度为355.739μm、23.917μm,射线占比23.725%。树枝的薄壁组织的分布和树干类似,在早材内呈环管状,在晚材呈带状排列;树根的早晚材薄壁组织均呈带状排列。栓皮栎树根和树干满足造纸用纤维原料指标,树根的导管大小低于树干,在纸张印刷时,导管黏出的概率低于树干,可提高印刷效率。

Taking Quercus variabilis in Longyuwan forest farm of Henan Province as the research object,this paper studies the anatomical structure of its branches and roots in order to provide basic parameters for its processing and utilization.The results showed that the branches of Q.variabilis are the same as the trunk,showing the characteristics of ring-hole wood,the pipe holes of early wood are large and arranged in a single line,and the pipes of late wood are arranged in a radial manner.The xylem of tree root presents the characteristics of semi-ring hole wood,the difference between early and late wood vessels was not obvious,and the single pipe hole was distributed in diameter column.The fiber length at the branch was 822.436μm,width 13.527μm,length width ratio was 62.354,wall cavity ratio was 0.510,and the fiber accounted for 61.677%.The fiber length of tree root was991.929μm,width 17.062μm,the wall thickness was 8.101μm,the length width ratio was 63.155,the wall cavity ratio was 0.980,and the fiber accounted for 64.667%.The ray height and width of branches were 264.305μm,16.062μm,ray accounted for 21.127%,and the root was 355.739μm,23.917μm,accounting for 23.725%.The distribution of parenchyma of branches is similar to that of trunk,which is ring tubular in early wood and banded in late wood.The parenchyma of early and late wood of tree roots were arranged in bands.The root and trunk of Q.variabilis meet the fiber raw material index for papermaking.The duct size of the root was lower than that of the trunk.During paper printing,the probability of duct sticking out was lower than that of the trunk,which can improve the printing efficiency.