论多民族国家治理体系的民族之维

ON THE ETHNIC DIMENSION OF THE GOVERNANCE SYSTEM OF A MULTI-ETHNIC COUNTRY

民族不仅仅是多民族国家的组成单位,而且还是多民族国家治理体系的重要组成要素。民族深刻嵌入多民族国家治理的全过程及各方面,成为一种体系化要素。民族对多民族国家治理至关重要,既可以推动国家治理从零散化走向焦点化,又可以提升国家治理的能力,还能促进国家治理由表层迈向里层。从多民族国家治理体系的发展机制来看,民族是一种导向要素,是促进多民族国家的国家形态演进进步的指向标;从多民族国家治理体系的动力向度来看,民族是一种转型要素,推动多民族国家治理模式转型升级,提升治理效能;从多民族国家治理体系的稳定支撑来看,民族是一种平衡要素,是维系多民族国家民族团结和睦、保障多民族国家发展稳定的关键因素。三者共同构成多民族国家治理体系中的民族要素,促进治理能力爬升,推动治理体系优化。

Ethnicity is not only the constituent unit of a multi-ethnic country,but also an important element of a multi-ethnic country's governance system.Ethnicity is deeply embedded in the whole process of and in all aspects of a multi-ethnic country's governance and becomes a systematic element.Ethnicity is very important to the governance of a multi-ethnic country,and it not only can promote state governance from fragmentation to concentration,but also can improve the ability of state governance,as well as push state governance from the surface towards the inner layer.From the perspective of the development mechanism of a multi-ethnic country's governance system,ethnicity is a guiding element and a guiding target to promote the evolution and progress of a multi-ethnic country's state form;from the perspective of the dynamic dimension of a multi-ethnic country's governance system,ethnicity is a transformation element,which promotes the transformation and upgrading of a multi-ethnic country's governance model and improves its governance efficiency;from the perspective of the stable support of a multi-ethnic country's governance system,ethnicity is a balanced element and a key factor to maintain a multi-ethnic country's ethnic unity and harmony and to ensure its development and stability.These three elements constitute the ethnic elements in a multi-ethnic country's governance system,promote the improvement of governance capacity,and push forward the optimization of governance system.