新砦文化深腹罐和侧装三角形扁足鼎的来源问题

On the origin of the deep-belly pots and tripods of the Xinzhai Culture

深腹罐是新砦文化、王湾三期文化和造律台文化中数量最多的器物。新砦文化深腹罐可分为口沿沿面有沟槽和无沟槽两大类,占比分别为38.9%和61.1%。沿面带槽的深腹罐在王湾三期文化中非常少见,仅存在于个别遗址,相反,在造律台文化各个遗址中数量和比例都非常高,总比例超过74%。造律台文化沿面带槽深腹罐出现的时间要早于新砦文化中的同类器物。显然,新砦文化沿面带槽的深腹罐应当主要来源于造律台文化。侧装三角形扁足鼎是新砦文化陶器中数量排名第三的器物。此种器物在王湾三期文化中的数量非常少,出现的年代晚,而在造律台文化中数量较多,出现的年代早。在细部特征上,新砦文化侧装三角形扁足鼎鼎足外侧多有按窝和口沿沿面多有沟槽的特点在王湾三期文化侧装三角形扁足鼎上不见,而常见于造律台文化侧装三角形扁足鼎。很明显,新砦文化侧装三角形扁足鼎当主要来源于造律台文化。

Deep-belly pots made the majority.in the Xinzhai culture,Wangwan phaseⅢculture and the Zaolvtai culture.The deep-belly pots of the Xinzhai cultural can be divided into two categories:those with groove along the mouth surface and those without groove along the mouth surface,accounting for 38.9%and61.1%,respectively.Deep-belly pots with groove along the mouth surface were very rare in the Wangwan phaseⅢculture and only existed in very few sites.To the contrary,the number and proportion of deep-belly pots became very high at each site of the Zaolvtai culture,with a total proportion up to more than 74%.The deep-belly pot with groove along the mouth surface in the Zaolvtai culture was earlier than that in the Xinzhai culture.Evidently,the deep-belly pots with groove along the mouth surface in Xinzhai culture should be mainly derived from the Zaolvtai culture.The side-mounted triangular flat foot tripod ranks the third in the number of Xinzhai cultural pottery.In the Wangwan phaseⅢculture,the number of such artifacts was very small and appeared in the late period,while,in the Zaolvtai culture,the number was large and appeared in the early period.In terms of details,the side-mounted triangular flat-footed tripod of the Xinzhai culture was characteristic of dents on the outside and groove along the mouth,which was absent in the Wangwan phaseⅢculture,but common in the Zaolvtai culture.It is obvious that the side-mounted triangular flat-footed tripod of the Xinzhai culture should have mainly derived from the Zaolvtai culture.