97份豌豆资源干籽粒形态和主要营养品质性状的多样性分析

Diversity Analysis of Morphological and Nutritional Characteristics of 97 Dried Pea Seeds

以来自湖北、河南等地以及国外的97份豌豆种质资源的干籽粒为研究对象,对其外观和营养品质等进行观测鉴定,主要结果如下:粒形主要为球形、柱形和扁球形,占比分别为31%、37%、32%;粒色为绿、淡黄、褐、黄色和粉红色,占比分别34%、34%、30%、1%、1%;种子表面为凹坑、皱褶、光滑的豌豆资源分别占总份数的33%、41%和26%;种子脐色呈现黄色的豌豆资源占比57%,另有灰白、淡黄、褐色和黑色依次占比19%、12%、9%、3%;籽粒平均百粒重为24.54 g,变异系数是25.93%。供试豌豆资源中,籽粒蛋白质含量平均值为36.89%,变异系数为4.17%;籽粒脂肪含量平均值为6.95%,变异系数为17.12%;籽粒百粒重和脂肪含量在供试豌豆中表现出多样性。籽粒粒色为粉红色的豌豆,及蛋白质含量高达41.02%(WD-024)和低脂肪含量(WD-114)的两份豌豆资源是今后豌豆高蛋白低脂肪育种的优特异资源。

97 pea germplasm resources from Hubei,Henan,and abroad were collected as the research object,and the appearance and nutritional quality of dried pea seeds were observed and measured.The results showed that grain shapes were mainly spherical,cylindrical,and oblate,accounting for 31%,37%,and 32%,respectively.Grain colors of green,pale yellow,brown,yellow,and pink accounted for 34%,34%,30%,1%,and 1%,respectively.Pit,wrinkled and smooth seed surfaces accounted for 33%,41%,and 26%,respectively.Pea resource’s seeds with yellow umbilical color accounted for 57%,and resources seeds’umbilical color was gray,light yellow,brown,and black umbilical color accounted for 19%,12%,9%,and 3%respectively.The average 100-grain weight was24.54 g,and the coefficient of variation was 25.93%.In all tested pea resources,the average grain protein content was 36.89%,and the coefficient of variation was 4.17%.The mean value of grain fat content was 6.95%,and the coefficient of variation was 17.12%.The 100-grain weight and fat content of the pea showed diversity.The pea with pink grain color and the two pea resources(WD-024 and WD-114)with protein content up to41.02%and low-fat content are excellent special resources for pea breeding with high protein and low fat in the future.