听觉优先效应在下丘的作用机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Precedence Effect in the Inferior Colliculus

良好的声源定位能力是识别言语、获得有意义声信号的重要前提,有利于我们在空间位置上区分目标信号和干扰信号,从而提高听觉系统的信噪比。听觉优先效应是声源定位的一种特殊机制,存在于我们日常生活中的各个场景中,可以帮助我们在复杂声学环境中排除干扰、准确定位目标声源。而对于听障患者来说,虽然通过各种辅听设备提高了听力,但是由于其不能在空间位置上很好的定位声源,无法在空间位置上区分目标信号与干扰信号,导致无法获得较高的言语识别率。因此,明确听觉优先效应的机制,有利于我们更好的理解复杂声环境中的声源定位以及改善辅听患者的言语识别率。听觉优先效应机制复杂,本文对其在下丘的作用机制及研究进展做一回顾。

Sound localization is an important prerequisite for speech recognition and obtaining meaningful acoustic signals.It is helpful for us to distinguish the target signal and the interference signal,thereby improving the signal-tonoise ratio of the auditory.Precedence effect is a special mechanism of sound localization,existing in various scenes in our daily life,and can help us eliminate interference and accurately sound localization in a reverberant environment.For the hearing-impaired patients,although their hearing has been improved through various auxiliary devices,their ability of sound localization is still poor,and cannot distinguish the target signal and the interference signal,resulting in poor speech recognition score.Therefore,clarifying the mechanism of precedence effect will help us understand the mechanism of sound localization in a reverberant environment and improve the speech recognition score of hearing-impaired patients.The mechanism of precedence effect is complicated,this article will review the mechanism and research progress of it in the inferior colliculus.