华南地区牛羊养殖业发展中的问题与对策探讨

Problems and solutions in the development of cattle and sheep breeding in South China

近年来,随着民众对牛羊肉奶的需求日益增长,牛羊养殖业迎来了良好的发展机遇,国家做出了一系列部署,以促进奶业、牛羊业增量提质。本文对华南地区牛羊养殖业发展的优势和存在的问题加以分析,并探讨相应对策。华南地区牛羊养殖业具有明显优势,紧靠巨大的消费市场,饲草资源丰富,具有地方优良牛羊品种,政策环境优越,对牛羊业的政策支持强。然而,华南地区牛羊养殖业也存在问题,如规模化和非规模化养殖并存,非规模化养殖比例大、水平低,规模化养殖场饲料供给问题突出,气候条件增加了疫病防控、生产效能和饲草收储的技术困难,肉牛肉羊良种化程度低,配套产业链不完善等。对此本文提出相应的对策:规模化养殖企业提高企业的市场竞争力,积极向养殖上游的饲草料行业和相关服务业发展,并鼓励龙头企业为小型养殖场提供资金支持和技术服务;科研院所应积极联合养殖企业,通过多种模式进行养殖相关技术的推广。

As the demand for beef,lamb and milk increases,the recent years have witnessed opportunities of development for the cattle and sheep breeding industry,which is also facilitated by supportive policy of the government. This paper aims to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the cattle and sheep industry in South China,and to seek possible solutions to enhance the situation based on solid analyses. As per our examination,the strengths include the access to an enormous market,rich grazing resources,quality local breeds,and strong policy support. The weaknesses include the rather large proportion and low quality of small-scale farms,serious problems with feed supply large-scale farms are facing,climate related difficulties in disease prevention,productivity and forage storage,low breed quality,and an incomplete industrial chain. Solutions were offered in this paper as well. The industry should encourage large-scale farming companies to incorporate with business sectors both up and down the industrial chain.Leading companies could benefit from provide financial support and technical services for small farms. Cooperation may be built between research institutes and farming companies to promote technologies.