巴色会客家影像文献的文化人类学价值

Cultural Anthropological Value of Hakka Imaging Literature Left by Basel Missionary Society

巴色会在华传教过程中留下一批影像文献,直观记录了清末至民国客家地区的社会状况,它突破了早期西方摄影家的进化论倾向和猎奇心理,是传教士对客家社会的长期“参与观察”中所记录的文献,具有文化人类学民族志的特征和价值。巴色会影像文献区别于传统的文字文献,且学界使用较少,对它的利用有助于拓展客家研究,对于理解近代以来客家社会的历史变迁,特别对客家妇女、客家建筑、客家宗族、客家葬俗等方面的研究具有独特的意义。

The Basel Missionary Society took lots of photos when doing their missionary work,which recorded the social situation of Hakkas during the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China.It broke through the evolutionary tendencies and curiosity of early Western photographers.This paper regards those photos as visual documents and ethnography produced by the missionaries after their longtime participant observation in the Hakka society.Being different from the traditional literature and is less used by scholars,it would enrich and expand Hakka research.It has a unique value for understanding the historical changes of Hakka culture in the process of modern social transformation,especially for the study of Hakka women,Hakka architecture,Hakka clans,Hakka burial customs,etc.