历史真实的建构、重构与解构:20世纪历史剧论争考辨

Construction,Reconstruction and Deconstruction of Historical Reality:Research on the Debate of Chinese Historical Drama in the 20th Century

20世纪中国戏剧界就历史剧问题,分别在30至40年代、50至60年代、80至90年代,进行了三次重大论争。虽然历次论争的导因不同,但历史真实始终是核心话题。在三个历史时期的三种时代诉求——维护民族认同、宣扬意识形态和提倡艺术自由的影响下,历史真实的内涵不断发生变化,其作为历史剧的评价标准,亦经历了建构、重构和解构三个阶段。历史真实是历史剧创作对时代诉求的回应,亦是历史剧理论发展的内在动力。

In the 20 th century,there were three major debates on the issue of historical drama in the China.Although the causes of previous debates are different,historical truth has always been the core topic.Under the influence of national identity,advocating ideology and artistic freedom,the connotation of historical reality has been constantly changing.As the evaluation standard of historical drama,historical reality also experienced three stages:construction,reconstruction and deconstruction.Historical reality is not only the response of historical drama creation to the demands of the times,but also the internal driving force for the development of historical drama theory.