唐代“赠杖”文化及其诗歌书写

Culture of“Giving Crutches as Gifts”in the Tang Dynasty and Its Poetry Writing

唐代很多诗歌涉及物质馈赠,馈赠之物有日用器物、茶酒食品、文房四宝、花卉、药物等很多种类,而唐诗中出现最多的馈赠之物是“杖”。唐代有赠杖诗三十余首,从一个侧面反映了唐代文人的生活和交游情况。唐代赠杖诗的三个主题是对衰老的吟味、对闲适之情的抒发和对仙佛释道主题的书写。这不仅与杖的现实功用有关,而且也与自先秦以来附着在“杖”上的文化含义有关。唐代赠杖诗往往夸张地描写杖的神奇产地和珍贵材质,反映了唐代文人融入日常生活中的审美趣味。

Many poems of the Tang Dynasty involved material gifts,such as tea,wine,food,flowers,medicines and some others.However,the gift that appears most often in Tang poetry is“crutches”.There are more than 30 poems in the Tang Dynasty about giving crutches as gifts.Aging,leisure and Buddhism and Taoism are important themes in these poems.This is related to the practical function of the crutches,and more to the cultural meaning attached to the“crutches”since the pre-Qin Dynasty periods.These poems often exaggerate the magical origin and precious material of the crutches,reflecting the aesthetic appreciation of the Tang literati in their daily life.