科学基金对学术产出的长期影响研究

Research on the Long-Term Impact of Science Foundation on Academic Output

在高质量发展阶段,“创新驱动”是国家战略。政府资金支持对关键技术领域的研发、科技创新中心的建设发挥重要作用。财政资金的分配具有竞争性,科技投入也需要进行评估。合理评估科学基金对于学术产出的影响,既要看项目资助期间的作用,也要考虑项目申报前的激励效应和完成后的持续效应。研究运用多期DID异时双重差分法探究科学基金项目对于学术产出数量、质量、学术影响力的作用,发现项目资助效应在资助后1~10年更明显;对质量提升在资助后6~10年更显著,对学术影响力提升则在资助期内(1~5年)更明显;杰青学者在申请项目过程中存在显著的申请效应和考核效应;科学基金项目对于学术产出的影响存在明显学科差异。为此,提出合理拉长科研评估周期、改变基础研究的资助方式、鼓励企业和公益基金投入基础研究等建议。

In the stage of high-quality development,“innovation driven”is a national strategy.Government financial support plays an important role in R&D in key technology fields and the construction of scientific and technological innovation centers.The allocation of financial funds is competitive,and the investment in science and technology also needs to be evaluated.To reasonably evaluate the impact of science funds on academic output,we should not only look at the role of the project during the funding period,but also consider the incentive effect before the application and the continuous effect after the completion of the project.The research uses the multi period DID isochronous double difference method to explore the role of NSFC projects in the quantity,quality and academic influence of academic output.It is found that the project funding effect is more obvious in 1~10 years after funding.The improvement of quality is more significant in 6~10 years after the grant,and the improvement of academic influence is more obvious in the grant period(1~5 years).Outstanding young scholars have significant application effect and assessment effect in the process of applying for projects.There are obvious disciplinary differences in the impact of NSFC projects on academic output.Therefore,some suggestions are put forward,such as reasonably lengthening the scientific research evaluation cycle,changing the funding mode of basic research,and encouraging enterprises and public welfare funds to invest in basic research.