中美与RCEP成员技术合作网络演化及稳定性研究

The Evolution and Resilience of Technological Collaboration Network of China and the U.S.with RCEP Parties

《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》(RCEP)于2022年1月1日生效,为中国开展跨国技术合作提供了新契机,对中美与RCEP成员技术合作状况进行分析有助于进一步提升中国的国际技术影响力。本文基于PCT专利联合申请数据,采用复杂网络理论分析中美与RCEP成员技术合作网络的演化规律,识别其中的关键节点及其合作模式,并结合网络模拟攻击分析合作网络的结构与功能稳定性。结果表明:中国与RCEP成员技术合作正处于快速上升期,但总体规模和美国仍有差距;在时序上,两国的合作网络均趋向更为松散的结构,美国网络中介节点作用逐渐增强;在网络关键节点中,高校和科研院所合作广度较高,在网络中有重要的中介作用,大型跨国公司的合作深度更高;中国合作网络的稳定性依赖于清华大学、上海交通大学和华为技术有限公司,整体弱于美国。

China has a new opportunity to foster international technological collaboration as Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)is in force since Jan.1^(st),2022.To improve Chinese technological impact,it is meaningful to compare technological collaboration of China and the U.S.with RCEP parties.We made a comparative analysis on the evolution of technological collaboration network between China and the U.S.with RCEP parties,and further identified key nodes and their collaboration modes based on complex network theory and PCT patents.Then empirical simulation via network attack was used to examine the robustness of the collaboration networks.The results showed the rise of China s technological collaboration with RCEP parties.However,there is still a large gap between China and the U.S.Both the networks of China and the U.S.are becoming loosely organized.Intermediary nodes are playing an increasingly important role in the network of the U.S.Among the most substantial nodes,universities and public research institutes,which function as key intermediaries,have wider range of partners while a large part of multinational companies has a higher degree of collaboration depth.The robustness of China s network depends on Tsinghua University,Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Huawei Technologies Co.,LTD.,which is generally weaker than the collaboration network of the U.S.