基于白酒丢糟的膨胀型阻燃剂在PBAT复合材料中的应用

Application of Intumescent Flame Retardant based on Distillers Dried Grains with PBAT Composites

为了综合利用生产废弃物白酒丢糟(DDGS),采用预处理后的DDGS与聚磷酸铵(APP)进行复配制备膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR),并用于聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBAT)的阻燃改性,制备了新型生物可降解阻燃PBAT复合材料。通过极限氧指数(LOI)、热重(TG)分析和锥形量热(CCT)仪,研究了IFR对PBAT阻燃性、热降解和燃烧行为的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱(LRS)分析了残炭的形貌和石墨化情况。结果表明,当APP与DDGS的质量比为3∶1,IFR的质量分数为20%时,IFR的阻燃效果最好,LOI值达到31.8%。TG分析数据显示,PBAT/IFR热分解初始温度为335℃,在800℃残炭率达22.54%。CCT数据显示,PBAT/IFR的最大热释放速率、平均热释放速率、总热释放量最大值与纯PBAT相比,分别下降了44%,50.6%,33.7%,其燃烧残炭率从2.21%增加到20.87%,结合残炭形态结构及LRS分析,表明IFR可以明显改变PBAT的分解行为,形成连续致密的、石墨化程度较高的膨胀炭层。

In order to re-utilize the distillers dried grains with soluble(DDGS),an intumescent flame retardant(IFR)containing DDGS and ammonium polyphosphate(APP)was prepared,and was applied on a new biodegradable flame retardant poly(butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)composites.The effects of IFR on flame retardancy,thermal degradation,and flammability properties of PBAT composites were investigated by limited oxygen index(LOI),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and cone calorimeter test(CCT).The morphology and graphitization degree of char layer were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and Laser Raman spectroscopy analysis(LRS).It is found that when the mass ratio of APP to DDGS is 3∶1,the IFR lead to the best LOI value of 31.8%.The TGA data shows that the initial temperature of PBAT/20%IFR thermal decomposition is 335℃,and the char residue reaches 22.54%at 800℃.The CCT results show that the PHRR,AHRR,and THR value of PBAT/IFR are 44%,50.6%,and 33.7%lower than those of pure PBAT respectively.The residual weight of PBAT/IFR increases from 2.21%to 20.87%compared with pure PBAT.As SEM and LRS results shown,the decomposition behavior of PBAT is changed obviously when incorporation of IFR,and a compact char layer with a suitable graphitization degree is formed.