聚焦班级观察的国外托育机构照护质量评估工具分析及其借鉴价值

Analysis on Observation-based Assessment Tools of Childcare Service Quality

评估有助于促进托育机构的高质量发展,为此需要研发适宜的托育机构照护质量评估工具。本研究借助ucinet 6.0软件对国外14个有较大影响的托育机构照护质量评估工具进行分析,发现它们都强调通过班级观察的方式获取评估所需信息,主要涉及物理空间和材料、回应性照护、一日生活照料、活动与早期学习支持四大维度。在具体实施和应用方面,这些评估工具通常关注婴幼儿可获得的平均教育质量,要求评估者深入班级,选取代表性活动,开展真实性评价,其结果可以用于科学研究、质量改进、机构认证与评级等多重目的。我国在建设托育机构照护质量评估体系时,应确立保证婴幼儿健康发展的评估重点与核心指标,采取深入班级观察的评价方式,规范评估流程,强调以评促建,持续改进托育机构照护质量。

Assessment can promote the quality development of childcare institutions if there are appropriate assessment tools.The Ucinet 6.0 software was used to analyze 14 internationally representative assessment tools for birth to three childcare institutions.Findings showed that current childcare quality assessment tools focus on four areas:physical space and materials,responsive care,daily routine care,and activities and early learning supports.These tools intend to capture average care experiences of children in classroom,heavily rely on systematic and authentic classroom observation,and can be used for a variety of purposes.It is recommended for China to focus on classroom observation and provide high-quality care services for all infants and toddlers;establish assessment emphases and include core indicators of childcare quality;standardize the assessment process and use the assessment results to continuously improve the quality of childcare institutions.