地方财政收入目标、税收竞争与企业税负

Targets of Local Fiscal Revenue, Tax Competition and Tax Burden of Enterprises

利用中国2005—2020年“省-企业”宏微观匹配数据,考察了地方财政收入增长目标对省级间企业所得税竞争的影响。研究发现,省级间企业所得税竞争导致上市公司企业所得税负担整体下降,地方财政收入增长目标对于地区间企业所得税竞争的低税负效应具有反向作用,这一反向作用在经济发达地区更为明显。结果表明:地方政府存在目标替代行为,在制定地方财政收入增长目标时有所保留,为企业所得税竞争预留了政策操作空间,获得更大的竞争优势以期实现更快的GDP增长。研究揭示了地方财政收入增长目标与企业所得税竞争的关系,拓展了地方政府经济绩效目标之间相互关系的研究,为实现区域协调发展提供了政策启示。

Using the“province-enterprise”macro and micro-matching data of China from 2005 to 2020,this paper examines the impact of growth targets of local fiscal revenue on the competition of corporate income tax among provinces.Research finds that the competition of corporate income tax at the provincial level leads to an overall decrease in the corporate income tax burden of listed companies,and the growth target of local fiscal revenue has a reverse effect on the low tax burden effect of the competition of corporate income tax among regions.The reverse effect if more obvious in developed regions.The results show that local governments have target substitution behaviors and have reservations when setting the growth targets of local fiscal revenue,which reserves policy manipulating space for the competition of corporate income tax,and obtains greater competitive advantages so as to achieve faster GDP growth.The research reveals the relationship between the growth targets of local fiscal revenue and the competition of corporate income tax,expands the research on the relationship between local government economic performance goals,and provides policy inspiration for the realization of regional coordinated development.