重庆市荣昌区濑溪河重金属污染及儿童健康风险评价

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution to Children in Laixi River,Rongchang District,Chongqing

对濑溪河进行布点采样,测定水体中砷、硒、汞、六价铬、镍、铜、锌、镉、铁、锰共10种重金属污染物质量浓度,采用内梅罗指数法评价河流污染状况;采用国际上常用的健康风险模型评价河流中重金属对儿童造成的健康风险。结果表明,濑溪河各断面综合污染指数均小于0.7,为安全状态。儿童化学非致癌物风险水平远低于化学致癌风险;儿童人均致癌风险水平均低于美国环境保护署(USEPA)规定,小型人群可接受的风险水平为10^(-5)~10^(-4)每年。

Spot sampling was carried out in the Laixi River to determine the mass concentrations of 10 heavy metal pollutants in the water,including arsenic,selenium,mercury,hexavalent chromium,nickel,copper,zinc,cadmium,iron and manganese.The Nemerow index method was used to evaluate the degrees of river pollution.The health risk of heavy metals in rivers to children was assessed using the internationally recommended health risk model commonly used by US EPA.The results show that the compre⁃hensive pollution index of all sections of Laixi River is less than 0.7,suggesting its safe status.The level of chemical noncarcino⁃genic risk to children is much lower than the chemical carcinogenic risk.The average risk level of cancer to children is lower than that required by the US EPA standard,and the acceptable risk level for small population is 10^(-5)~10^(-4)per year.