抗PD-1/PD-L1单抗导致药物源性葡萄膜炎的研究进展

Research progress of drug-induced uveitis caused by anti-programmed cell death receptor-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 monoclonal antibodies

随着免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)在临床上治疗肿瘤的使用率越来越高,ICIs已成为治疗恶性转移性肿瘤的常用药物,为晚期肿瘤患者提供了更多的治疗选择和生存机会。目前,使用最广泛的ICIs是抗程序性细胞死亡受体-1(PD-1)/程序性细胞死亡配体-1(PD-L1)单抗类药物,而这些药物的免疫相关不良事件(irAEs)被频繁报道,它对人体多种器官均有副作用,包括消化系统、皮肤、肺、内分泌腺和眼。其中,葡萄膜炎是眼部最常见的副作用,主要表现为眼红、眼痛、畏光、流泪和视力模糊,如果能及时诊断并干预,病情会得到很好的控制,否则,此类药物源性葡萄膜炎可能导致患者严重的视力损伤和生活质量的下降。因此,ICIs眼部副作用的早期诊断至关重要,故本文就抗PD-1/PD-L1单抗导致药物源性葡萄膜炎的研究现状进行综述。

With the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)in the clinical treatment of tumors,they have become common drugs for malignant and metastatic tumors,providing more treatment options and survival opportunities for patients with advanced tumors.Currently,the most widely used ICIs are monoclonal antibodies against programmed cell death receptor-1(PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1),but the immune-related adverse events of these drugs have been frequently reported in recent years.These drugs show side effects on various human organs,including the digestive system,skin,lungs,endocrine glands and eyes.Uveitis is the most common side effect in the eyes,mainly manifested as redness,eye pain,photophobia,tears and blurred vision.If timely diagnosis and intervention can be made,the condition can be well controlled.Otherwise,this kind of drug-induced uveitis may lead to severe visual impairment and a decline in the quality of life of patients.Therefore,the early diagnosis of ocular side effects of ICIs is critical.This paper reviews the research status of drug-induced uveitis caused by anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies.