基于GIS的衡水市桃城区景观格局变化及其驱动力

Changes of landscape pattern and its driving forces based on GIS in Taocheng District,Hengshui City

以河北省衡水市桃城区为研究区,利用91卫图助手下载GoogleEarth历史影像数据,选取成像清晰、云量少的时间点,然后在ArcGIS 10.3软件平台上解译出2014年、2017年和2020年的景观格局类型,并利用Fragstas 4.2软件对景观格局指数进行了计算与分析,研究了衡水市桃城区的景观格局时空变化特征,并分析了衡水市桃城区景观格局变化的驱动力。结果表明,2014—2020年建设用地增长较快,农田面积出现下降趋势。从景观格局的驱动力分析来看,短时间跨度内景观格局受自然因素驱动影响非常小。桃城区快速的城市化带来了人口的快速增长,人地间矛盾更加突出,这也是其建设用地增加主要由农田转化而来的关键驱动力。随着高质量旅游发展规划和森林城市的创建,桃城区的水域和绿化用地景观组分有所增加。

Taking Taocheng District,Hengshui City,Hebei Province as the study area,91 Satellite Map Assistant was used to down⁃load the historical image data of GoogleEarth in 2014,2017 and 2020,and the time points with clear imaging and less cloudiness were selected.Then the landscape pattern types in 2014,2017 and 2020 were interpreted on the ArcGIS 10.3 platform.The landscape pattern indexes were calculated and analyzed by using Fragstas 4.2 software to study the temporal and spatial characteristics and the driving force of landscape pattern change in the study area.The results showed that,from 2014 to 2020,the construction land grew rapidly,and the farmland area showed a downward trend.From the analysis of the driving force of the landscape pattern,the influence of natural factors on the landscape pattern within a short span was very small.The rapid urbanization of Taocheng District had brought about rapid population growth,and the contradiction between man and land had become more prominent,which was also the main driving force that the increase in construction land was mainly due to the conversion of farmland.With the creation of high quality tour⁃ism development plans and forest cities,the landscape composition of waters and green land in Taocheng District had increased.