交警非现场执法在“毒驾”查处中的应用与规制

Application and Regulation of Traffic Police Off-Site Law Enforcement in the Investigation and Punishment of“Drug Driving”

作为一种新型执法模式,非现场执法在“毒驾”查处中的应用重申了公权力创建的原始目的,体现了现代行政法的“混合主义”,彰显了全景敞视主义在信息时代的应用价值。但由于涉及注销驾驶证这一行政处罚,其也面临侵蚀行政程序的正当性、突破证据认定的实体规范、侵犯个人隐私、忽视相对人权利救济等法治困境。基于依法行政原则,未来应当建立和完善“毒驾”查处非现场执法的制度体系,进一步明确执法过程中证据收集、“毒驾”认定的法律规定,重视对相对人的隐私保护和权利救济。

As a new law enforcement mode,the special application of off-site law enforcement in the investigation and punishment of“drug driving”reiterates the original purpose of the establishment of public power,reflects the“hybridism”of modern administrative law,and also highlights the application value of panopticism in the information age.However,due to the administrative penalty of canceling the driver’s license,it also faces legal dilemmas such as erosion of the legality of administrative procedures,breaking through the substantive norms of evidence confirmation,violating personal privacy,and ignoring the rights and remedies of the counterparty.Based on the principle of administration according to law,in the future,we should establish and improve the institutional system for investigating and punishing off-site law enforcement of“drug driving”,further clarify the legal provisions for evidence collection and“drug driving”confirmation in the process of law enforcement,and attach importance to the privacy protection and rights relief of the counterparty.