据《参不韦》说“罚”字的一种异体

A Variant Form of the Graph Fa fromSan Bu Wei

从商周金文到秦汉文字,刑罚之{罚}的记录形式较为单一,一般都用“罚”字来表示。在战国简帛中,“罚”字有一种异体作从“网”从“刑(型)”之形,过去多误释为“刑”,据新出清华简《参不韦》,该字当释作“罚”。这不仅突破了“罚”字形体的单一记录形式,同时也反映了战国文字构形的复杂性。

In bronze inscriptions from the Shang and Zhou up to the script of the Qin and Han,the form罚was commonly and rather uniformly used to write the graph fa罚in the sense of“penalty.”In Warring States bamboo and silk manuscripts,a variant form of罚occurs composed of wang网and xing刑(or xing型).Previously,this graph was often erroneously interpreted as writing xing刑“punishment.”Based on the newly published Tsinghua San bu wei参不韦manuscript it becomes clear that it should be understood as fa.This observation does not just challenge the uniformity for writing fabut also reflects the complexity of Warring States graph formation.