不同种类有机肥对不结球白菜生理特性及土壤性质的影响

Effects of different types of organic fertilizers on physiological characteristics and soil properties of non-heading Chinese cabbage

为减少化肥滥用带来的环境污染问题,倡导施用有机肥提升土壤肥力和植物品质,试验以不结球白菜(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis Makino)苏州青为供试品种,设置7个处理,分别为不施肥(CK)、神锄水溶性生物有机肥(Y1)、助邦生物有机肥(Y2)、喜温娜家庭有机菜园生物有机肥(Y3)、俊利龙达通用型有机肥(Y4)、原绿蚯蚓类有机肥(Y5)、原绿有机肥(Y6)、史丹利大量元素水溶肥料(H,化肥),各施肥处理均以纯氮用量200 mg/kg(土)施用,研究了其对不结球白菜产量、品质和土壤养分的影响。结果表明,有机肥可以显著(P<0.05)增加土壤肥力,降低土壤容重,起到提升不结球白菜品质的作用。Y1、Y2、Y3生物有机肥对土壤容重的降低效果最好,较H处理分别降低了5.0%、5.1%、6.6%;6种有机肥处理土壤有机质含量分别较H处理升高了32.6%、17.9%、47.4%、152.6%、43.2%、76.8%;Y2、Y3、Y5有机肥处理在不结球白菜品质上的综合效果最佳,而Y1处理下由于不结球白菜生长缓慢,无法测定相关指标。

In order to reduce the environmental pollution problems caused by the abuse of chemical fertilizers and advocate the application of organic fertilizers to improve soil fertility and plant quality,this experiment took non-heading Chinese cabbage(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis Makino)variety Suzhou Qing as the test variety,and set up 7 fertilization treatments,namely no organic fertilizer(CK),Shenchu’s water-soluble bio-organic fertilizer(Y1),Zhubang’s bio-organic fertilizer(Y2),Seavinner’s family organic garden bio-organic fertilizer(Y3),Junlilongda’s general-purpose organic fertilizer(Y4),Yuanlv’s earthworm organic fertilizer(Y5),Yuanlv’s organic fertilizer(Y6),and Stanleys’large elemental water soluble fertilizer(H,chemical fertilizer),to study their effects on the yield,quality and soil nutrients of non-heading Chinese cabbage at the nitrogen(pure N)amount of all fertilization treatments in 200 mg/kg(soil).The results showed that organic fertilizer could significantly(P<0.05)increase soil fertility,reduce soil bulk density,and play a role in improving the quality of non-heading cabbage.Y1,Y2 and Y3 organic fertilizer treatments had the best effect on soil bulk density reduction,which were reduced by 5.0%,5.1% and 6.6% respectively compared with H treatment;the content of soil organic matter in six organic fertilizer treatments was increased by 32.6%,17.9%,47.4%,152.6%,43.2% and 76.8% respectively compared with the H treatment;Y2,Y3 and Y5 organic fertilizer treatments had the best comprehensive effect on the quality of non-heading Chinese cabbage.However,under Y1 treatment,due to the slow growth of non-heading Chinese cabbage,all indexes could not be determined.