评优激励能否打通农技推广的“最后一公里”?--以神内基金农技推广奖为例

Whether the Economic Incentive for Selecting Outstanding TalentsCan Get Through the“Last Mile”of Agricultural Technology Promotion--Impact Evaluation of Agricultural TechnologyPromotion Award by Shennei Fund

基层农技员和农户是农业技术推广中的重要主体,是将科技转化为生产力的最后一环,提高其工作生活积极性有利于提高农业生产效率和质量、助推农业农村现代化发展。以神内基金农技推广奖为例,基于2019和2020两期调研数据,运用双重差分法实证检验了评优奖优制度对基层农技员和农户积极性的激励效果。研究发现:(1)神内基金农技推广奖对农技员的工作积极性具有正向的激励作用,可以显著提高农户对农技员的评价和农技员的工作投入意愿,改善其工作满意度。(2)获奖能够有效降低农技员的抑郁指数,缓解其工作压力,改善心理健康状况。(3)神内基金农技推广奖可以显著提高农户的农业生产积极性及生活满意度和幸福感。据此为基层农技推广体系中评优奖优制度的正向激励作用提供了经验证据,也为政府通过评优激励来激活农技推广事业提供了政策参考。

Grass roots agricultural technicians and farmers are important subjects in the extension of agricultural technology,and the last link to transform science and technology into productive forces.Improving their working and living enthusiasm is conducive to improving the efficiency and quality of agricultural production and boosting the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.Taking the Agricultural Technology Promotion Award by Shennei Fund as an example,based on the survey data of 2019 and 2020,this paper uses the DID method to empirically test the effect of the award.The results show that:(1)The award has a positive effect on the work enthusiasm of agricultural technicians,which can significantly improve farmers’evaluation of agricultural technicians and their willingness to work,and improve their job satisfaction.(2)The award can effectively reduce the depression index of agricultural technicians,relieve their work pressure and improve their mental health.(3)The award can significantly improve farmers’enthusiasm for agricultural production,life satisfaction and happiness.This study not only provides empirical evidence for the positive effect of the system of appraisal and reward in the grass roots agricultural technology promotion system,but also provides a policy reference for the government to activate agricultural technology promotion through the economic incentive for selecting outstanding talents.