电解厂房屋盖结构垮塌事故调查与分析

INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS ON THE ROOF COLLAPSE OF ELECTROLYTIC PLANT

为再现西北某电解厂房屋盖垮塌事故发生的过程,通过事故现场取证、调阅设计文件和安装施工资料,利用结构计算软件和有限元结构受力模拟软件进行模拟计算分析,模拟结果表明,破坏的钢屋架体系未形成有效传力途径,存在偏心荷载。得出事故的直接原因是车间输送平台超载失稳,粉料大量堆积导致屋盖局部超载,钢屋架主要受力结构发生破坏引起垮塌。结合设计和施工文件输送平台与主体结构之间的支架连接薄弱,厂房未设计且后期也未设置集尘和预警系统,无法在第一时间发现破坏征兆。文中采用的模拟分析和计算方法可对确定同类型工业厂房重点部位的设计、施工、检查检修方法提供参考。

To reproduce the process of the roof collapse accident of an electrolysis plant in northwest China, the structural calculation software and finite element structural stress simulation software were used to simulate the calculation and analysis through the accident site evidence collection, access to design documents, and installation construction data. The simulation results showed that the damaged steel roof truss system did not form an effective force transmission path but the eccentric load. It is concluded that the direct cause of the accident is the overloading and instability of the workshop conveying platform, the local overloading of the roof caused by a large amount of powder accumulation, and the collapse caused by the destruction of the main load-bearing structure of the steel roof truss.Combined with the design and construction documents, the support connection between the transmission platform and the main structure is weak. The plant has not been designed and no dust collection and early warning system has been set up in the later period, so the damage signs cannot be found at the first time. The simulation analysis and calculation method adopted in this paper can provide the reference for determining the design, the construction, the inspection, and maintenance methods of key parts of the same type of industrial plants.