形式与实质:基于敌人刑法观审视民营企业涉黑恶犯罪

Form and Essence: Examining the Criminal Crimes of Private Enterprises Involving Mafia Based on the Enemy’s Criminal Law View

扫黑除恶专项行动既彰显了国家在打击治理企业涉黑恶犯罪方面的铁腕力度,也反映出认定企业涉黑恶犯罪时一定程度上有些矫枉过正。文章以雅科布斯的“敌人刑法观”为理论根基,基于理性主义价值,进一步将敌人刑法观区分为“形式敌人刑法观”与“实质敌人刑法观”。围绕如何协调与处理好敌人刑法规范与刑事政策二者之间的关系命题,充分阐释实质敌人刑法观在认定民营企业涉黑恶犯罪中的司法合理性,以期为扫黑除恶专项行动趋于向纵深开展提供理论支撑。

The special action of anti-mafia and anti-evil not only demonstrates the strong hand of the state in combating and controlling enterprises’ crimes related to mafia, but also reflects that there is a certain degree of overcorrection when identifying enterprises’ crimes related to mafia. Based on Jacobs’ “enemy criminal law view” and rationalistic value, the article further divides the enemy criminal law view into “formal enemy criminal law view” and “substantive enemy criminal law view”. Focusing on the proposition of how to coordinate and handle the relationship between the enemy’s criminal law norms and criminal policies, this paper fully explains the judicial rationality of the concept of criminal law of the substantive enemy in identifying the criminal crimes of private enterprises involved in mafia, with a view to providing theoretical support for the in-depth development of the special action of anti-mafia.