优质丰产大果型龙眼新品种福圆的选育

Report on Fuyuan,a large-size new variety of longan with high yield and quality

福圆是立冬本×青壳宝圆的杂交子代,通过选择优良单株,定向培育而成的晚熟优质大果型龙眼新品种。树势中庸,成花易、高坐果率、早丰产;果皮青褐色,果实侧偏圆形,大小均匀,平均单果质量14.6 g;果肉乳白色、半透明,肉质细嫩、较易离核,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)21.9%,还原糖含量6.5 g·100 g^(-1),总糖含量17.9 g·100 g^(-1),维生素C含量90.7 mg·100 g^(-1),可食率69.4%,味浓甜,品质佳。在福州地区,果实9月中下旬成熟;高接后3年生树平均果穗质量1190.5 g,平均株产7.2 kg;4年生树平均果穗质量1212.6 g,平均株产18.1 kg;丰产、稳产性好,连年结果能力强。适宜在福建福州、四川泸州、重庆万州及相似生态区栽培。

Fuyuan is a new variety of longan(Dimocarpns longan L.)selected from a crossing between Lidongben(extremely late maturing and high yield)and Qingkebaoyuan(large size and high quality)made in May,1996 by the Fruit Research Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The new variety exhibits outstanding phenotypes as large fruit size,high quality and late ripening.The fruitsetting trees are precocious with semi-open crown medium vigor and easy formation of flower buds.and high fruit setting.The flesh is milky white,translucent,tender,slightly juicy and easily free from seed.The average fruit weight is 14.6 g,the maximum fruit weight is 18.2 g.The soluble solid content is 21.9%,reducing sugars content 6.5 g·100 g^(-1),total sugar content 17.9 g·100 g^(-1),vitamin C content 90.7 mg·100 g^(-1),and the edible rate is up to 69.4%.The fruit harvest period is from the mid to the late September in Fuzhou area.The shoots start inflorescence differentiation in mid-late March,flowering starts in early May,and finishes in mid-May.This new cultivar is capable to produce stable and high yields each year.The fruit weight of each cluster is up to 1190.5 g,and the average yield of 3-years trees was 4320 kg·hm^(-2)(600 plants)in addition,the variety has good ability of continuous fruiting habit with potential to overcome the biennial fruiting problem.