考虑CSR行为意识的闭环供应链运作与协调

Operation and Coordination for Closed-loop Supply Chain Considering Corporate Social Responsibility Behavior Consciousness

在考虑制造商企业社会责任(CSR)行为意识及零售商CSR投入的情形下,研究第三方回收闭环供应链的运作及协调问题。分析了制造商的CSR行为意识与零售商的CSR投入之间的交互影响关系,以及二者对闭环供应链成员及整体绩效的影响。研究表明,制造商的CSR行为意识与零售商的CSR投入均有利于降低新产品批发价格、扩大新产品市场需求、提高废旧产品回收率,且二者具有相互激励的作用。虽然制造商的CSR行为意识会导致自身纯利润减少,但却能实现更大的社会福利、改善闭环供应链其他成员及整体的绩效。“收益共享-成本共担”契约不仅可以实现闭环供应链系统协调,还能促使制造商增强CSR行为意识、零售商提高CSR投入水平。

The recycling and remanufacturing of waste products can not only reduce environmental pollution and save resources,but also bring additional economic benefits to enterprises.Therefore,the closed-loop supply chain(CLSC) management has become an important development strategy for many large enterprises.At the same time,in addition to pursuing profits,more and more enterprises begin to pay attention to corporate social responsibility(CSR).However,the existing researches to analyze the impact of CSR on supply chain operation either separately from the macro-strategic level or from the micro-investment perspective,and few studies consider the two different forms of CSR behaviors at the same time.Secondly,the existing studies generally ignore the fact that the motivation of members to fulfill CSR may vary due to their different position in the CLSC.Therefore,it has great theoretical and practical significance to study the operation and coordination problem of CLSC considering CSR behaviors.In this paper,the operation and coordination of third-party recycling CLSC are studied under consideration of the manufacturer’s CSR behavior consciousness and the retailer’s profit donation as CSR investment.Based on the observations in industry,it is assumed that the manufacturer has the behavioral consciousness of paying attention to its stakeholders,and the CSR behavioral of the manufacturer is embodied in that the manufacturer takes consumer surplus as part of its goal of maximizing social welfare.At the same time,it is assumed that the retailer performs the CSR through the specific CSR investment behavior,and the CSR investment of the retailer is to directly donate part of the profits to social welfare organizations.The CSR investment of retailer will also bring good reputation to herself,which will indirectly affect the market demand for new products.In summary,the decision models for CLSC are constructed considering both the manufacturer’s CSR behavior consciousness and retailer’s CSR investment under the centralized and decentralized decision-making,respectively,and the corresponding equilibrium results are solved by using the reverse recursion method.Firstly,the impact of manufacturer’s CSR behavior consciousness and retailer’s CSR investment on CLSC operation and coordination are analyzed.Secondly,the relationship between the manufacturer’s CSR behavior consciousness and the retailer’s CSR investment is discussed.Finally,the coordination mechanism based on the contract of “revenue-cost sharing” is established,and the effectiveness of the main conclusions and coordination contracts in the paper is verified through numerical analysis.The results show that the CSR behavior consciousness of manufacturer and the CSR investment of retailer have a mutual incentive effect,and the CSR behavior consciousness of manufacturer and the CSR investment of retailer are always conducive to expanding the market demand of new products and improving the recycling rate of waste products.Further,although the enhancement of manufacturer’s CSR behavior consciousness will reduce the net profits of herself,it can bring about greater social welfare and help increase the profits of other members and the CLSC system.The “revenue-cost sharing” contract can not only realize the coordination of CLSC system,but also promote the manufacturer to enhance the CSR behavior consciousness and the retailer to improve the level of CSR investment.A reference is provided for the optimization and operation of CLSC with a third-party recycler when considering the CSR behavior consciousness and investment.