近视与视皮质相互作用的研究进展

Research progress on the interaction between myopia and visual cortex

近视是我国乃至于全球的重大公共卫生问题,延缓近视进展已成为人们关注的热点问题。但目前光学镜片、化学药物以及激光手术等治疗、干预手段的效果不甚令人满意,且有一定的副作用,提示近视的发病和调控机制尚不明确,近视治疗缺乏精准而有效的对因治疗靶点。完整的视觉体验取决于从视网膜到视皮质的整个视觉通路,其中任何一个环节出现结构和功能障碍均可导致视觉异常。近年来,随着红外光谱和磁共振技术的进步,越来越多的证据表明近视的发展与视皮质有关,通过改善视皮质不同区域之间的功能连接和血流量可能缓解近视进展。深入认识近视与视皮质之间的相互作用,有助于探寻精准而有效的近视治疗靶点以及新型干预策略。

Myopia is a major problem of public health in China,and even in the world,and slowing down the progress of myopia has become a hot issue of concern.However,the effects of the current therapeutic and interventional modalities to myopia,including optical lenses,chemical drugs,and laser surgery,the effect of treatment and intervention is not very satisfactory,and these modalities may incur some side effects.This situation suggests that the pathogenic and regulatory mechanisms of myopia remain elusive,and the myopia treatments lack the accurate and effective targets to the etiology.A complete visual experience depends on the entire visual pathway from the retina to the visual cortex,in which any structural and functional defect can lead to visual abnormalities.In recent years,with the advances in the infrared spectroscopy and the magnetic resonance imaging technology,more and more evidence has shown that the progression of myopia is related to the visual cortex.Improving the functional connectivity and blood prefusion between different regions of the visual cortex may impede myopia profession.In-depth understanding of the interaction between myopia and the visual cortex is helpful to search for accurate and effective myopia treatment targets and novel intervention strategies.