生产性服务业集聚与中国制造业进口技术复杂度测度方法

Agglomeration of producer services and the measurement method of technological sophistication of China's manufacturing industry imports

为研究生产性服务资源集聚对中国制造业进口技术复杂度的作用机制,以修正Schott相似度模型为切入点,构建了中国省级亚产业层面进口技术复杂度的新型测度方法。研究认为:生产性服务业集聚有助于降低制造业进口技术复杂度,该结论在多维度检验及二者异质性行业层面均稳健成立,该机制有助于降低中国成为全球价值链追随者和被俘获者的概率,破解被国外拥有高技术复杂度产品的跨国公司“卡脖子”困境;生产性服务业集聚有助于提高劳动生产率,促进制造业高质量发展,经济增速、税负及负向外部冲击均不会改变该作用机制;引导生产性服务业集聚是中国摆脱“低端锁定”和技术赶超陷阱的重要路径,为制造企业锻造了产业和技术“长板”,降低制造业进口技术复杂度。

In order to analyze the impact of the agglomeration of producer services resources on the technological sophistication of China's manufacturing industry imports,a new measurement method for the technological sophistication of China's provincial sub-industry imports was constructed based on the modified Schott similarity model.The results indicate the following points.First,the agglomeration of producer services is conducive to reduce the technological sophistication of manufacturing industry imports,which is a robust conclusion both in the multidimensional test and at the heterogeneous industry level.This mechanism not only helps to reduce the probability that China will become a follower and a captive of the global value chain,but also allows China to escape the dilemma of being“checked”by foreign multinationals with highly technologically sophisticated products.Second,the agglomeration of producer services contributes to the improvement of labor productivity and the high-quality development of manufacturing industry,while economic growth speed,tax burden and negative external shocks will not change this mechanism.Third,guiding the agglomeration of producer services is an important way to help China get rid of the“low-end lock-in”and technological catch-up trap.It forges technological and industrial strengths for manufacturing enterprises,thus reducing the technological sophistication of manufacturing industry imports.